Social Responsibility According to Imam Al-Juwaini in his Book  “Ghiyath al-Umam Fi Al-Thiath Al-Zulm”: A Fundamental Study

Falah  Abed; Sarhan  Al-Khafaji; Marwah  Hasan

doi:10.35516/hum.v49i3.1357

Authors

Falah Abed Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research
Sarhan Al-Khafaji Al-Muthanna University
Marwah Hasan Technical Engineering College

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.35516/hum.v49i3.1357

Keywords:

Lake Sawa, hydrology, low water levels, Iraq

Abstract

The study intends to identify both the geomorphologic and hydrological characteristics of Lake Sawa regarding its water sources and the specific attributes of this water. The study focused on the impact of climate on lake surface water's physical and chemical properties. The analysis of both the data for a major climate cycle (30 years) for the period (1989- 2018) and the samples taken from Lake Sawa water depth (1-5) meters proved that the climate had changed the physical and chemical properties of lake water; besides, the extensive evaporation of its water and the lack of rain precipitation in the lake raised salts ratio to 22885 (mg/liter), as well as the rates of other physical and chemical elements.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Author Biographies

Falah Abed, Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research

Directorate of Scholarships and Cultural Relations, Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research, Iraq

Sarhan Al-Khafaji, Al-Muthanna University

College of Education for Human Sciences, Al-Muthanna University, Iraq.

Marwah Hasan, Technical Engineering College

Middle Technical University, Technical Engineering College, Baghdad, Iraq.

References

Al-Hasnawi, Z. (2016). Geomorphological analysis of the origin and evolution of Sawa Lake and evaluated for the purposes of tourism development projects, Issue 22,University of Kufa , Najaf, Iraq.

Ali, K.K. and Ajeena, A.R., Arab J. Geosci, (2016). Assessment of interconnection between surface water and groundwater in Sawa Lake area, southern Iraq, using stable isotope technique , Arab J Geosci ,9,648.

Al-Mosawi W.M., Al-Tememi, M.K., Ghalib, H.B. and Nassar, N.A. (2015).Sub-Bottom Profiler and Side Scan Sonar investigations, with the assistance of hydrochemical and isotopic analysis of Sawa Lake, Al-Muthana.

Alraawi , E. & Al-Samarrai Q. (1990). The Applied Climate, Dar Al-Hikma, Baghdad, Iraq.

Farman, M. (2001). Electronics Physics, Mosul University Press, College of Engineering, Mosul, Iraq.

Governorate,Southern Iraq. Mesopot. J. Mar. Sci., 30(1), 81 - 97

Ibrahim, A. (2008). The Animal-Agricultural Dictionary (English-Arabic), Dar Al-Kutub Al-Ilmiyya, Beirut: Lebanon.

Jamil, A. K. (1977). Geological and hydrochemical aspects of Sawa Lake- S. Iraq, Bull. Coll. Sci. 18 (1), 221-253.

Jubouri, S. (2014). Applied Climatology, (1st), University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq.

Khayyun, T. (2018), Groundwater Flow and Hydrologic Budget for Sawa Lake in Iraq, International Journal of Scientific and Engineering Research.9(6), 425-430

Madlul , N. & Moneim, I. A. A. (2013). A microbial and environmental study of Sawa Lake water and examination of microbial sensitivity to antimicrobials, Al-Muthanna Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 1(2), Al-Muthanna University, Al-Muthanna, Iraq.

Mahdi, M., Al-Whaely U., & Shareef, N. (2017). Study of Sawa lake fauna, Holocene deposits, Al-Muthanna Province, Southern Iraq, Mesopotamian Journal of Marine Science, 32 (2), 104-114.

Naqash, A. and Al-Shamee, F. 1977. Geological and hydrochemical sediment petrographical study of Sawa Lake. Bull. Coll. Sci., 18(1), 199-220.

Republic of Iraq, (2019). Ministry of Health and Environment, Statistics Division, unpublished data.

Republic of Iraq, (2019). Ministry of Transport and Communications, General Authority for Meteorology and Seismic Monitoring, Climate Division, Baghdad, unpublished data.

Republic of Iraq, (2019). Ministry of Water Resources, National Center for Water Resources Management, Planning and Follow-up Department, Water Implications, unpublished data.

Salih Muhammad Awadh,(2016). Outstanding universal values of the sawa lake as a world natural heritage, Bull. Iraq nat. Hist. Mus. 14 (1), 1-11.

Sangpal, R. (2011). Upendra Kulkarni, Yogesh M. Nandurkar, An assessment of physic-chemical properties to study the pollution potential of Ujjani reservoir, Solapur district, India, ARPN Journal of Agricultural and Biological Science, Asian Research Publishing Network (ARPN).

Train R. (1979). Quality criteria for water, U.S. Environmental Agency, Washington D.C., Castlehe House publication Ltd.

Venkatesharaju, K. (2010). Ravikumar, P.; Somashekar, R., Prakash, Kl., Physico-Chemical and Bacteriological Investigation on the River Cauvery of Kollegal Stretch in Karnataka, Kathmandu University. Journal of Science, Engineering and Technology, 6(I), 50-59.

World Health Organization, (2002). Drinking Water Guidelines and Standard, Geneva.

Ziyadi, M., Jawad L. A. Almukhtar M., & Pohl T., (2015). Day’s goby, Acentrogobius dayi Koumans, 1941 (Pisces: Gobiidae) in the desert Sawa Lake, south-west Baghdad, Iraq, Marine Biodiversity Records, Cambridge University Press.