التركيب اللغوي للمجاز في الخطاب الإعلامي دراسة أسلوبية إحصائية إعلان نتيجة الانتخابات الرئاسية الأميركية 2020 في موقع BBC الإخباريّ نموذجًا

Muslih Abdelfattah Najjar; Bayan Bassam Abu Alrub

doi:10.35516/hum.v52i5.7280

Authors

Muslih Abdelfattah Najjar Department of Arabic Language & Literature, Faculty of Arts, The Hashemite University, Zarqa, Jordan. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7573-133X
Bayan Bassam Abu Alrub Language Center, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan. https://orcid.org/0009-0004-4005-6516

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.35516/hum.v52i5.7280

Keywords:

Linguistic structure of metaphor, empowerment standard, Arab statistical stylistics, media discourse, media editing techniques.

Abstract

Objectives: This research aims to study the linguistic structure of metaphor in media discourse using the Arabic stylistic statistical method established by Musleh Al-Najjar in 1995. It applies this method to the BBC's announcement of the 2020 U.S. presidential election results to uncover the systematic nature and patterns of metaphor in news language. The study aims to contribute to the development of statistical stylistic formulas rooted in the Arabic linguistic system, aspiring to elevate rhetorical studies to a more scientific state.

Methods: The research identifies, frames, and classifies the images present in the targeted news story according to three rhetorical criteria: the modern image criterion, the traditional rhetorical criterion, and the empowerment criterion proposed by Al-Najjar in his studies.

Results: The method revealed the rhetorical approach that dominates the news editing processes and the rhetorical types employed in its formulation. It was found that the rhetorical approach was traditional, relying on figurative images such as similes, metaphors, metonymy, and allegory, based on the capability of this rhetorical classification to cover the vast majority (96.1%) of the images in the processed sample.

Conclusions: A new rhetorical criterion called empowerment can simplify rhetorical practice, aiding non-specialists in media to develop their linguistic styles and facilitate discourse analysis. This reduces the analysis of each image to a single cognitive linguistic process, answering what the speaker enabled the active element in the metaphor to be, describe, or do.

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Website:

BBC News Website (2022). Retrieved from

https://www.bbc.com/arabic/world-54798198