The Grand Husseini Mosque in Amman - Jordan: Archaeological Architectural Study

Abstract

Objectives: This research aims to study the Grand Husseini Mosque, one of the most important landmarks of the city of Amman in early Islamic eras, as the studies that dealt with this mosque are few, in addition to the differences between researchers in determining the historical period for the construction of this mosque, because it went through multiple stages of construction, restoration, and renovation until the 20th century.

Method: This research focuses on the historical and archaeological importance of the Al-Husseini Mosque, identifying the stages of its construction, the boundaries of each stage, studying its plan, and its architectural and decorative elements, and comparing it with other ancient mosques that established in the early Islamic periods.

Results: The comparative study showed that the first section of the mosque, which consists of the Qiblah canopy and the courtyard, dates to the Rashidi Caliphate Era, while the second section, which includes the three corridors surrounding the courtyard of the mosque, dates to the Umayyad Era. This demonstrated by comparing the layout of the mosque with all other similar mosques.

Conclusions: The research concluded that the Grand Husseini Mosque dates to the Rashidun era (14 AH/635 AD) and renovated and expanded in the Umayyad era. It also witnessed rebuilding and construction operations from the Ottoman Era until the present day.