حَمْلُ المُشْتَرَك على معانيه عند ابن عاشور في تفسيره: دراسة مقارنة
الكلمات المفتاحية:
ابن عاشور، تفسير، المشترك اللفظيالملخص
هدَفتْ هذه الدراسةُ إلى بيانِ موقفِ ابن عاشور من حَمْلِ المشترك على معانيهِ دُفْعَةً واحدة، ودراسةِ أدلَّتِه، وعرضِ تطبيقاتِه لهذه القاعدة، ومقارنتها مع مَسْلَكِ غيرِه من المفسِّرين. وسلكَت لتحقيق ذلك المنهجَ الاستقرائيَّ لـ (التحرير والتنوير) في هذا الشأن، والمنهجَ التحليلي والمنهجَ المُقارَن لتحليل أدلَّة ابن عاشور وتطبيقاتِه ومقارنتها مع كُتُبِ التفسير الأخرى. وقد توصَّلَ الباحثانِ في ختامِ هذه الدراسة إلى عدَّة نتائجَ، منها: أنَّ حَمْلَ المشترك على معنَيَيْهِ أو معانيه يُعَدُّ عندَ ابن عاشور جُزْءًا من منظومةٍ دلاليَّةٍ تفسيريَّةٍ متكاملةٍ يتبنَّاها، قِوامُها حَمْلُ الألفاظ والتراكيب القرآنيَّة على كافَّةِ محاملِها المُمْكِنَة. ومنها: أنَّ حَمْلَ المشترك على معانيه –وهو قولُ جمهور العلماء- له آثارُه المشهودةُ في مجال التفسير؛ إذ يُمَكِّنُ المفسِّرَ من استيعابِ الدلالات المتعدَّدة للألفاظ والتراكيب القرآنيَّة، بما يُسْهِمُ في بيانِ اتِّساعِ معانيها وامتدادِ دلالاتِها. ومنها: أنَّ ابنَ عاشور يرى أنَّ قاعدةَ (حمل المشترك على معانيه) مُفَعَّلَةٌ ومُعْتَبَرةٌ في سائرِ الأقوال التفسيريَّة ما ذَكَرَ منها في تفسيرِه وما لم يذكُر، ما دامَ سياقُ الآية يحتملُها.
التنزيلات
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