الشهادة الاسترعائية اللفيفية دراسة فقهية مقارنة
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35516/law.v51i4.5779الكلمات المفتاحية:
الشهادة، اللفيف، الاسترعائية، الشهادة الاسترعائية اللفيفيةالملخص
الأهداف: تهدف هذه الدراسة إلى بيان تاريخ ظهور الشهادة الاسترعائية اللفيفية، وماهيتها، وبيان حكم تلك الشهادة، والشروط والضوابط المحيطة بها، بالإضافة إلى تسليط الضوء على التحديات والإشكاليات المرتبطة بهذه الشهادة والحلول المقترحة لوجود تنظيم تشريعي ينظمها.
المنهجية: اتبع البحث المنهج التحليلي، وذلك من خلال تحليل النصوص والقضايا المتعلقة بشهادة اللفيف للاستفادة منها في المسائل المطروحة في هذه البحث، وكذلك يتم استخدام المنهج المقارن، وذلك من خلال المقارنة بين أحكام الفقه الإسلامي وأحكام القوانين الوضعية الخاصة بموضوع هذا البحث، كما اتبع البحث المنهج الاستقرائي في تحديد المقصود بشهادة اللفيف وتكييفها فقهيا ووصفها وصفا علميا دقيقا.
النتائج: توصل البحث إلى أن هناك مجموعة متنوعة من المجالات التي يمكن تطبيق الشهادة الاسترعائية اللفيفية فيها؛ فتدخل -مثلًا- في كافة قضايا الأحوال الشخصية وغيرها من المجالات الأخرى، ولا تجري الشهادة الاسترعائية اللفيفية في جرائم القتل؛ لأن فيها بعض الشبهة الذي يدرأ به القصاص، ومن أكثر الإشكاليات شيوعًا في هذا الباب: الرجوع في شهادة اللفيف والطعن فيها بالتزوير، والتساهل في إجراءات تلقيها بأدائها عند كافة العدول ودون إذن مسبق من القاضي.
الخلاصة: التأكيد على ضرورة التنظيم التشريعي لشهادة اللفيف، فهناك فراغ تشريعي ظاهر في هذا الباب، والحاجة ملحة لضبط استخدامها كوسيلة إثبات في حالات الضرورة القصوى فقط، مع ضرورة تحديد هذه الحالات بدقة.
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التنزيلات
منشور
كيفية الاقتباس
إصدار
القسم
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