"العائق" كسبب للإعفاء من المسؤولية في ضوء اتفاقية فيينا للبيع الدولي للبضائع 1980

Aksoy, H. (2023). Elephant in the room: CISG, hardship, and uniform application. European Business Law Review, 34(3), 463–480. https://doi.org/10.54648/eulr2023027

Aksoy, H. C. (2014). Impossibility in modern private law: A comparative study of German, Swiss and Turkish laws and the unification. Springer International Publishing.

Al-Masdi, A. (2010). The rules governing international sales and trade contracts (in Arabic). Dar Al-Kutub Al-Qanuniyya.

Belyaeva, A. N. (2016). The UNCITRAL digest of case law on the United Nations Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods of 2008: A review and comments. Russian Juridical Journal Electronic Supplement, 3, 32–40.

Bianca, C. M., & Bonell, M. J. (1987). Commentary on the international sales law. Giuffrè.

Bonell, M. J., Bianca, C. M., & Bonell, J. (1987). Commentary on the international sales law. Netherlands International Law Review, 38(2), 266–267. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0165070X00003879

Ciongaru, E. (2014). Theory of imprevision, a legal mechanism for restoring contractual justice. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 149, 174–179. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2014.08.183

CISG Advisory Council. (2003, August 15). Electronic communications under CISG (Opinion No. 1). https://cisg-online.org/files/ac_op/CISG_Advisory_Council_Opinion_No_1.pdf

CISG Advisory Council. (2007, October 7). Exemption of liability for damages under Article 79 of the CISG (Opinion No. 7). https://cisgac.com/opinions/cisgac-opinion-no-7/

CISG Advisory Council. (2020, February 2–5). Hardship under the CISG (Opinion No. 20). https://cisgac.com/opinions/cisgac-opinion-no-20/

Dawwas, A. (2013). United Nations Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods (CISG), 1980 in light of jurisprudence and doctrine (in Arabic). Arab American University.

DiMatteo, L. A. (2015). Contractual excuse under the CISG: Impediment, hardship, and the excuse doctrines. Pace International Law Review, 27(1), 258–305.

Emre, Y. (2023). Conditions for exemptions from liability in the United Nations Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods under Article 79. ULP Law Review, 17(1), 90–102.

Flambouras, D. (2001). The doctrines of impossibility of performance and clausula rebus sic stantibus in the 1980 Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods and the Principles of European Contract Law: A comparative analysis. Pace International Law Review, 13, 261–293.

Gottlieb, B., & Brunner, C. (2019). Commentary on the UN Sales Law (CISG). Kluwer Law International.

Honnold, J. O. (1989). Documentary history of the uniform law for international sales: The studies, deliberations, and decisions that led to the 1980 United Nations Convention with introductions and explanations. Kluwer Law and Taxation.

Honnold, J. O., & Flechtner, H. M. (2021). Honnold's uniform law for international sales under the 1980 United Nations Convention (5th ed.). Kluwer Law International.

Ishida, Y. (2017). CISG Article 79: Exemption of performance and adaptation of contract through interpretation of reasonableness—Full of sound and fury, but signifying something. Pace International Law Review, 30(2), 331–382.

Kim, S., & Kim, J. (2019). Can a change of circumstances qualify as an impediment under Article 79 of the CISG? Chinese Journal of International Law, 18(1), 129–163. https://doi.org/10.1093/chinesejil/jmy035

Klepac, L. (2017). The availability of a hardship defense under the UN Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods (CISG) (Master’s thesis, Central European University).

Kocev, L. (2020). The impact of COVID-19 on the performance of international commercial contracts for the sale of goods: Force majeure and hardship. In Proceedings of the 1st International Conference Economic and Business Trends Shaping the Future. https://doi.org/10.47063/EBTSF.2020.0012

Komarov, A. (2006). Internationality, uniformity and observance of good faith as criteria in interpretation of CISG: Some remarks on Article 7(1). Journal of Law and Commerce, 25, 75–85.

Kuster, D., & Carmilla, A. (2016). Hardly room for hardship: A functional review of Article 79 of the CISG. Journal of Law and Commerce, 35(1), 1–25. https://doi.org/10.5195/jlc.2016.116

Lee, W. (1990). Exemptions of contract liability under the 1980 United Nations Convention. Dickinson Journal of International Law, 8(3), 375–394.

Lindstrom, N. (2006). Changed circumstances and hardship in the international sale of goods. Nordic Journal of Commercial Law, 1, 1–20. https://doi.org/10.5278/ojs.njcl.v0i1.3045

Lookofsky, J. (2005). Walking the Article 7(2) tightrope between CISG and domestic law. Journal of Law and Commerce, 25(1), 87–105.

Lookofsky, J. M. (1997). Understanding the CISG in Europe: A compact guide to the 1980 United Nations Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods (3rd ed.). Kluwer Law International.

Magnus, U., Melis, W., Schnyder, A. K., Siehr, K., Straub, R. M., & Weber, R. H. (2013). Kommentar zum UN-Kaufrecht: Übereinkommen der Vereinten Nationen über Verträge über den internationalen Warenkauf (CISG). Springer.

Maskow, D. (1992). Hardship and force majeure. The American Journal of Comparative Law, 40(3), 657–669. https://doi.org/10.2307/840591

Mazzacano, J. (2022). CISG Article 79 at 40: “Impediments” to uniform interpretation? SSRN. https://ssrn.com/abstract=4360421

Mullis, A., & Huber, P. (2007). The CISG: A new textbook for students and practitioners. Sellier European Law Publishers.

Neumann, T. (2012). The duty to cooperate in international sales: The scope and role of Article 80 CISG. Walter de Gruyter.

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Oral, T. (2019). Exemption from liability according to Article 79 of the Convention on International Sale of Goods (CISG). Juridical Tribune, 9(3), 644–658.

Peari, S., & Golestani, Z. (2022). A theory of frustration and its effect. Liverpool Law Review, 43, 263–285. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10991-022-09305-7

Saf, C. (1999). A study of the interplay between the conventions governing international contracts of sale. https://iicl.law.pace.edu/sites/default/files/cisg_files/saf.html

Sami, A. (2006). Exemption from liability in the United Nations Convention on the International Sale of Goods (PhD dissertation, Cairo University) (in Arabic).

Schlechtriem, P., & Schwenzer, I. (2010). Commentary on the UN Convention on the International Sale of Goods (CISG) (3rd ed.). Oxford University Press.

Schwenzer, I., Atamer, Y. M., & Butler, P. (2014). Commentary on the UN Convention on the International Sale of Goods (CISG). Eleven International Publishing.

United Nations Commission on International Trade Law. (1975). Report of the Working Group on the International Sale of Goods on the work of its sixth session (A/CN.9/100). https://uncitral.un.org/en/working_groups/2/sale_of_goods

United Nations Commission on International Trade Law. (1978). Yearbook, Volume VIII: 1977. United Nations. https://uncitral.un.org/sites/uncitral.un.org/files/media-documents/uncitral/en/yb_1977_en.pdf

United Nations Commission on International Trade Law. (1983). Yearbook, Volume XIV: 1983. United Nations. https://uncitral.un.org/sites/uncitral.un.org/files/media-documents/uncitral/en/yb_1983_e.pdf

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United Nations Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods (Vienna, 1980). (1980). https://uncitral.un.org/en/texts/salegoods/conventions/sale_of_goods/cisg

Uribe, M. (2011). The effect of a change of circumstances on the binding force of contracts: Comparative perspectives. Intersentia.

Case law

American Arbitration Association. case No.50181T 0036406, Macromex Srl. v. Globex International Inc, 12-12-2007, https://www.unilex.info/cisg/case/1346.

Arbitration court of the Chamber of Commerce, Hamburg, Arbitral Award, 21-03-1996, https://www.unilex.info/cisg/case/195.

Bulgarian Chamber of Commerce and Industry, Arbitral Award, case No. 11/1996, 12-02-1998, https://unilex.info/cisg/case/420.

Cairo Regional Centre for International Commercial Arbitration (CRCICA), Diammonium phosphate case. No. 1527/2021, 19 February 2023. Cairo, https://www.uncitral.org/res/clout/clout/data/egy/clout_case_2107_html/6272_38310986.pdf

Cairo Regional Centre for International Commercial Arbitration (CRCICA). case No. 1527/2021. 19-02-2023. https://www.uncitral.org/res/clout/clout/data/egy/clout_case_2107_html/6272_38310986.pdf

Court of Appeal Valladolid, Spain, case No. 69/2015, Dry Top N.V. v. Sociedad Cooperativa Piñón-Sol CYL, 06 April 2015, https://cisg-online.org/search-for-cases?caseId=8533.

Court of Appeals of Lamia, case No. 63/2006 (Greece). http://cisgw3.law.pace.edu/

Court of Trieste, case No. 2640/2016, ALAKart Kft. v. Pizzul s.r.l. Italy, 17-06-2019, https://www.unilex.info/cisg/case/2248.

District Court of Maastricht, Netherlands, 120428 / HA ZA 07-550, Agristo N.V. v. Macces Agri B.V. 09-07-2008, https://cisg-online.org/search-for-cases?caseId=15002.

German Supreme Court, Case No. VIII ZR 121/98, 24 March 1999 https://www.unilex.info/cisg/case/384

High Court of Arbitration of the Russian Federation, case No. 29, 16-02-1998, https://unilex.info/cisg/case/365.

ICC Court of Arbitration, Basel. Case NO. 8128. 1995. unilex.info/cisg/case/207.

International Commercial Arbitration Court, the Ukrainian Chamber of Commerce and Industry. Case NO. 218y/2011, 23 January 2012. unilex.info/cisg/case/1876.

Landgericht Düsseldorf, Germany, (Düsseldorf Regional Court) Case No. 31 O 223/91, 09-07-1992. unilex.info/cisg/case/171.

Maastricht District Court, case No. 120428 / HA ZA 07-550, Agristo N.V. v. Macces Agri B.V., 09-07-2008, https://www.unilex.info/cisg/case/1388.

Oberlandesgericht München, (Supreme Regional Court of Munich) R. Motor s.n.c. v. M. Auto Vertriebs GmbH, case No.7 U 1720/94, 08-02-1995, unilex.info/cisg/case/118.

Oberster Gerichtshof,Austria, (Supreme Court, Austria) Case No.10 Ob 518/95,06-02-1996. unilex.info/cisg/case/202

Rechtbank van Koophandel, Hasselt, Case No. AR 1849/94, Vital Berry Marketing NV v. Dira-Frost NV, Belgium, 02-05-1995, https://www.unilex.info/cisg/case/263.

Supreme Court of Poland, Case No. V CSK 456/06, 11-05-2007. unilex.info/cisg/case/1374

Tribunal de Commerce de Besançon, (Besançon Commercial Court) Christian Flippe v. Sarl Douet Sport Collections, Case No. (97 009265). 19-01-1998. https://unilex.info/cisg/case/416.

Tribunal of International Commercial Arbitration at the Russian Federation Chamber of Commerce Case No.155/94. 16-03-1995. unilex.info/cisg/case/214.