The Differences in Physical Fitness Tests among Students within  the Age Range (12-15)

Ghazi  El Kailani

doi:10.35516/edu.v49i1.707

Authors

Ghazi El Kailani School of Sports Sciences,The University of Jordan, Jordan

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.35516/edu.v49i1.707

Keywords:

Physical Fitness, Fitness tests, age group (12-15) years, Males, Females

Abstract

This study aims to identify the differences in fitness among students in the King Abdullah II Award for Physical Fitness within the age range (12-15). The researcher used a descriptive approach on a sample of (2410) male and female students who achieved the first three places in the King Abdullah II Award for Physical Fitness for the year 2017/2018. The study applied the following tests: push up test, running test (1609) m, the flexibility test, the shuttle run test (4 *10) m and the sit-up test. The results of the study showed male superiority in all of the results of the King Abdullah II Award for Physical Fitness in the age group (12-15), with the exception of the flexibility test, which came in favor of females, as well as the superiority of students at the age of (15) in push up, flexibility and shuttle run tests. On the other hand, students at the age of (14) excelled in endurance. The researcher recommends the necessity to use media and social networks in spreading the culture of practicing sport activities on a regular basis.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Armstrong, N., Tomkinson, G., & Ekelund, U. (2011). Aerobic fitness and its relationship to sport, exercise training and habitual physical activity during youth. Br J Sports Med , 45, 849–58.

Bajo, S. (2003). Flexibilidad y la educación física escolar: evolución y aplicación en la escuela. En: Guillén del Castillo M, editor. Medicina deportiva y educación física en edad escolar. Córdoba: Universidad de Córdoba, Servicio de Publicaciones.

Blaes, A., Baquet, G., Fabre, C., Van Praagh, E., & Berthoin, S. (2011). Is there any relationship between physical activity level and patterns, and physical performance in children. International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity, 8, 122.

Brack, R. (2002). Sports pielspezifische Training slehre. Wissens chafts-und objekttheoretische grundlagen am beispiel handball. Hamburg.

Cepero, M., Lo´ pez, R., Sua´rez-Llorca, C., Andreu-cabrera, E., & Rojas, F. (2011). Fitness test profiles in children aged 8–12 years old in Granada (Spain). J Hum Sport Exerc, 6, 135–146.

Chaddock, L., Hillman, C., Buck, S., & Cohen, N. (2011). Aerobic fitness and executive control of relational memory in preadolescent children. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 43(2), 344-349.

Dencker, M., Thorsson, O., Karlsson, M., Linde´n, C., Eiberg, S., Wollmer, P., & Andersen, B. (2007). Gender differences and determinants of aerobic fitness in children aged 8–11 years. Eur J Appl Physiol, 99, 19–26.

Dragan, T. (2013). Assessment of Physical Fitness. Physical Education and Sport, 11(2), 135 - 145.

Dumith S., Gigante D., & Domingues M. (2011). Physical activity change during adolescence: a systematic review and a pooled analysis. Int J Epidemiol, 40, 685–698.

Dumith, S., Ramires, V., Souza, M., Moraes, D., Petry, F., Oliveira, E., Ramires, S., & Hallal, P. (2010). Overweight/obesity and physical fitness among children and adolescents. J Phys Act Health, 7, 641–648.

Edwardson, C., Gorely, T., Pearson, N., & Atkin, A. (2012). Sources of Activity-Related Social Support and Adolescents’ Objectively Measured After School and Weekend Physical Activity: Gender and Age Differences. J Phys Act Health, 1153–1158.

Emrich, E. Pitsch, W. Guellich, A. Klein, M. Froelich, M. Flatau, J. Sandig, D. & Anthes, E. (2008). Spitzenfoerderung in Deutschland. Best and aufnahmen und prespektiven. Leistungs sport, 38 (1), 1-20.

Greenberg, H., Raymond, S., & Leeder S. (2011). The prevention of global chronic disease: Academic public health’s new frontier. Am J Pub Health. 101(8), 1386–90.

Hands, B., Larkin, D., Parker, H., Straker, L., & Perry, M. (2009). The relationship among physical activity, motor competence and health related fitness in 14-year-old adolescents. Scand J Med Sci Sports, 19, 655–663.

Kvaavik, E., Klepp, K., Tell, G., Meyer, H,, & Batty, G. (2009). Physical fitness and physical activity at age 13 years as predictors of cardiovascular disease risk factors at ages 15, 25, 33, and 40 years: Extended follow-up of the Oslo Youth Study. Pediatrics, 123, e80– e86.

Leung, F. Yung, L. Laher, I. Yao, X. Chen, Z., & Huang, Y. (2008). Exercise, vascular wall and cardiovascular diseases: An update (Part 1). Sports Med. 38(12), 1009–24.

Lu,Y. Zheng, X., Zhou, F., & Zuo, X. (2014). BMI and physical fitness in Chinese adult students: a large school-based analysis. International Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, 7(10), 3630–3636.

Marfell-Jones, M., Olds, T., Stewart, A., & Carter, L. (2006). International Standards for Anthropometric Assessment. Potchefstroom, South Africa: ISAK.

Meinel, K., & Schnabel, G. (2007). Movement theory sports motor skills. Outline of a theory of athletic motor skills under educational Aspect. Meyer & Meyer Verlag.

Ortega F., Ruiz J., Castillo M., & Sjostrom M. (2008). Physical fitness in childhood and adolescence: a powerful marker of health. International Journal of Obesity 32, 1–11 DOI 10.1038/sj.ijo.0803774.

Riddoch, C. J., Andersen, L. B.. & Wedderkopo, N. (2004 ). Physical activity levels and patterns of 9 and 15-yr-old European children. Med. Sci. Sports Exerc., 36, 86–92.

Rost, R. (2001). Lehrbuch der Sportmedizin. Köln: Deutscher Ärzteverlag.

Rowland, T., Goff, G., Margel, L., & Ferrone, L. (2000). Influence of cardiac functional capacity on gender differences in maximal oxygen uptake in children. Chest, 117, 629-635.

Soares-Miranda, L., Imamura, F., Siscovick, D., Jenny. N., Fitzapatrick, A., & Mozaffarian, D. (2015). Physical activity, physical fitness, and leukocyte telomere length: the cardiovascular health study. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, 47(12), 2525–2534.

Thompson, A. M., Campagnal, P. D., Rehman, L. A., Murphy, R. J., Rasmussen, R. L. & Ness, G. W. (2005). Physical activity and body mass index in grade 3, 7, and 11 Nova Scotia students. Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. 37, 1902–1908.

Tremblay M., & Lloyd M. (2010a). Physical literacy measurement: the missing piece. Physical and Health Education Journal 76(1), 26–30.

Weineck, J. (2002). Sportbiologie. Balingen: Spitta Verla.