الضوابط الفقهية المتعلقة بعقد الذمّة
الكلمات المفتاحية:
الضوابط، الفقهية، عقد، الذمّةالملخص
يحاول الباحث في هذا البحث أن يتلمّس عدالة الإسلام وسماحته من خلال تعامله مع غير المسلمين وبالأخص أهل الذمّة منهم خاصة بعد أن ظهر أعداء الإسلام سواء أكانوا ممن يدعون أنفسهم بالمسلمين أو من غيرهم وأرجعوا سوء معاملة هؤلاء للتشريعات الإسلامية من خلال تطبيق المسلمين لها. وقد قسّمت البحث إلى مباحث كان أهمها التعريف بأهم المصطلحات في هذا الباب وهي مفهوم الضابط والفقه والعقد والذمّة. كذلك بين الركن الأهم في عقد الذمّة والذي يكون بينه وبين صاحب سلطة إبرام عقد الذمّة. توصلت الدراسة الى أن عقد الذمّة يكون لجميع الكفار ما عدا عبدة الأوثان من العرب. و أن الدعوة إلى دين الله تعال هي أصل العلاقة بين المسلمين وغيرهم من الأمم غير المسلمة. استخدمت الدراسة المنهج الاستقرائي من خلال تتبع الكتب الفقهية المعتمدة في المذاهب الأربعة. وكذلك المنهج الاستنباطي من خلال استخراج الضوابط الفقهية المتعلقة بعقد الذمّة.. أوصت الدراسة على أهمية القيام بمزيد من الأبحاث حول الضوابط الفقهية المتعلقة بأحكام أهل الذمّة و ضرورة بيان فقه معاملة غير المسلمين بذكر هدي النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم في معاملته غير المسلمين.
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