لفظ صاحب أوابد عند نقاد الحديث (دراسة نقديّة مقارنة)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35516/law.v52i1.6784الكلمات المفتاحية:
صاحب أوابد، ذو أوابد، نقاد الحديث.الملخص
الأهداف: يهدف البحث إلى الوقوف على الرواة الذين أطلق فيهم نقاد الحديث لفظ (صاحب أوابد، أو ما يشتق منه كذي أوابد، أو ما يرادفه من ألفاظ ويقترن به)، ومعرفة مرادهم من إطلاق هذا اللفظ في حقّهم.
المنهجيّة: اتبعت الدراسة المنهج الاستقرائي التحليلي المتمثل: بتتبّع الرواة الذين قال فيهم نقاد الحديث: (صاحب أوابد، أو يشتق منه)، والترجمة لكل راوٍ منهم بترجمة علميّة حسب قواعد الجرح والتعديل، ثمّ المقارنة بين أقوال نقاد الحديث الصادرة فيهم بغية التوصل إلى مرادهم من إطلاق هذا اللفظ.
النتائج: بلغ عدد الرواة الذين قال فيهم نقاد الحديث: (صاحب أوابد، أو ما يشتق منه كذي أوابد، أو ما يقترن به كقوله: يروي عن الثقات الأوابد...) واحدًا وعشرين راويًا، حيث بلغ عدد الرواة الذين ضعّفوا ضعفًا يسيرًا أربعة رواة، كما بلغ عدد الرواة الذين ضعّفوا ضعفًا شديدًا خمسة عشر راويًا، في حين بلغ عدد الرواة المختلف فيهم بين نقاد الحديث راويين اثنين.
الخلاصة: يُعدُّ لفظ صاحب أوابد من ألفاظ الجرح حيث جاء على صورة المثل السائر ومورده، وقد أستخدم في حقّ الرواة الضعفاء على اختلاف درجاتهم في الضعف ومنازلهم فيه؛ لذا توصي الدراسة الحاليّة بإجراء الدراسات التطبيقيّة الخاصة بألفاظ الجرح والتعديل خاصة تلك التي جاءت على صورة المثل السائر ومورده.
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