مبدأ المسؤولية الشخصية في القانون الدولي: مسؤولية رؤساء الدول عن الجرائم الدولية

Omar  Alokour; Fawzi Faraj  Alkasah

doi:10.35516/law.v51i2.2624

Authors

Omar Alokour Department of Public Law, School of Law, the University of Jordan, Jordan https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4520-4034
Fawzi Faraj Alkasah Department of Public Law, School of Law, the University of Jordan, Jordan https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4520-4034

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.35516/law.v51i2.2624

Keywords:

Individual criminal responsibility, personal responsibility, criminal justice

Abstract

Objectives: The study aimed to explore the principle of personal responsibility in international law (the responsibility of heads of states for their commission of international crimes).

Methods: The descriptive method was employed by presenting the relevant legal rules (international treaties and the Rome Statute) and the immunities imposed by certain treaties and national laws. The analytical method was used to analyze the legal rules, clarify and illustrate the strengths and weaknesses inherent in these rules.

Results: The results indicated that international law has established the principle of personal responsibility in international law, as evidenced by the prosecution of war criminals for their crimes against humanity. Additionally, the study highlighted the pivotal issues of the court in holding presidents and officials accountable through trials conducted in international criminal courts, such as the trial of Emperor Wilhelm II of Germany and other heads of state.

Conclusions: The study revealed several trends in the determination of personal responsibility, with some advocating for the elimination of immunity before the courts and others suggesting a reduction of immunity within narrow limits. The study recommends the concerted efforts to harness the principle of non-impunity before the International Criminal Court, by working towards bringing war criminals to justice for the crimes they have committed.

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