فاعلية برنامج تدريبي مستند إلى نشاطات اللعب الفردية في تحسين مهارتي التقليد والاستجابة لدى عينة من أطفال اضطراب طيف التوحد في الأردن
الكلمات المفتاحية:
التقليد، الاستجابة، اللعب، التوحدالملخص
هدفت هذه الدراسة إلى تقصي فاعلية برنامج تدريبي مستند إلى نشاطات اللعب الفردية في تحسين مهارتي التقليد والاستجابة، واستخدم المنهج ما قبل التجريبي، وتمثلت ادوات الدراسة بمقياس التقليد استجابةوالاستجابة للأطفال التوحديين والبرنامج التدريبي، اللذين تم تطبيقهما على (8) أطفال من ذوي اضطراب طيف التوحد بعد أن تم التوصل الى خصائصهما السيكومترية، واشارت نتائج الدراسة إلى وجود أثر ذو دلالة إحصائية في مستوى (0.05=α) بين القياس القبلي والبعدي في تحسين مهارة التقليد يعزى إلى البرنامج التدريبي، كما أشارت النتائج أيضا إلى وجود أثر ذو دلالة إحصائية في مستوى (0.05=α) بين القياس القبلي والبعدي في تحسين مهارة استجابةالاستجابة يعزى إلى البرنامج التدريبي. وفي ضوء نتائج الدراسة أوصى الباحثان بضرورة اهتمامالاهتمام بتضمين مهارتي التقليد والاستجابة كمتطلب أساسي في البرامج التربوية والعلاجية للأطفال التوحديين.
التنزيلات
المراجع
Abdallat, A. (2009). Effectiveness of a behavioral Program in Improvement of Some Emotional Expressions for a sample of Autistic Children, A research submitted in Damascus University Conference (Toward a better investment of psychological sciences) held between 25 and 27.
Abdul Hadi, N. (2004). The Psychology of Play’s Impact on Children's Learning. Amman: Dar Wael Press.
Abu Hasaballah, O. (2015). Effectiveness of a Training Program in Developing Communication Skills for Autistic Children’s Mothers, Unpublished Master’s thesis, The Islamic University, Gaza.
Afifi, A. (2013). The Effectiveness of a Training Program for Autistic Children’s Mothers Based on The Reciprocal Imitation Training Strategy on Developing the Skill of Imitation for the Mother’s Children, Unpublished Master's thesis, University of Alexandria, Egypt.
Ahmad, K. Y., Alsherawi, M. E., & Alkhumesi, A. S. (2015). Effectiveness of Two Programs Using Cross-modeling and Video Modeling in Developing Motor Imitation Skills for Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder, Arabian Childhood Journal, 69, 71-97.
Alenzi, M. (2013). The Effectiveness of an Instructional Play Program to Reduce Depression of Children with Renal Failure, Unpublished Master's Thesis, Nayef Arab University for Security Sciences, Riyadh.
Aljaberi, M. (2014). Modern Approaches to Diagnosing Autism Spectrum Disorder with New Diagnostic Criteria, A worksheet submitted for “The First Meeting of The Special Education Forum: Future Visions and Aspirations” Tabouk University, Saudi Arabia.
Alkhateeb, J. & Alhadidi, M. (2015). Introduction to Special Education. Amman: Dar Alfekr Press.
Alkhateeb, J., Alsmadi, J., Alrosan, F., Alhadidi, M., Yehya, K., Alnatour, M.,... & Alsuroor, N. (2018). Introduction to Educating Students with Special Needs. (7th ed.). Amman: Dar Alfekr Press.
Al-Najadat, H., & El-Zraigat, I. (2016). The Effectiveness of Functional Communication Training In Decreasing Undesirable Behaviors and Developing Social Skills among Autistic Children in Jordan. DIRASAT: EDUCATIONAL SCIENCES, 43(1). Retrieved from https://archives.ju.edu.jo/index.php/edu/article/view/6187
Alrosan, F. F. (2019). The Psychology of Abnormal Children. (3rd ed.). Amman: Dar Alfekr Press.
Alsaad, S. & Alomar, F. (2008). Understanding and Teaching Autistic Children. Kuwait: Alkuwait center for Autism.
Alsanaani, A. (2013). Life skills of autistic children from their eduactors point of view in Taiz City. The Journal of Educational Studies and Research, Education rehabilitation and Development Center, 8, 630-632.
Alsayyed, S. & Muhammad, A. (2003). Diagnostic Guide for The Autistic (clinical). Cairo: Dar Alfekr Alarabi Press.
Alshami, W. (2016). Attributes, Evolution, and Handling of Autism. (2nd ed.). Riyadh: Fahad National Library.
Alshami, W. (2017). Secrets, Forms, Causes and Diagnosis of Autism. (2nd ed.). Jeddah: Jeddah Center for Autism.
Alzarea, N. (2018). Autism. (5th ed.). Amman: Dar Alfekr Press.
Alzreiqat, I. (2016). Autism: Behavior, Diagnosis and Treatment. (2nd ed.). Amman: Dar Wael Press.
American Psychiatric Association (APA). (2013). Diagnostic and statistical manual disorder. (5th ed.). DSM-5.
Azab, S. (2011). The Impact of a Kinesthetic Expression Program Using the Integration of Autistic with Normal Children on the Acquisition of Some Kinesthetic Skills and Social Interaction, Unpublish master’s thesis, Helwan University, Egypt.
Bin Othman, A. & Haferi, G. (2019). Effectiveness of Imitaion in Developing of Linguistic Communication for a Sample of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder through application of Lvar Lovaas Program, Science Generation Journal for human and social sciences, 52, 27-39.
Creedon, M (1993). Language Developmental in Non Verbal Autism Children Using a Simultaneous Communications System, Paper Presented at the society for Research in child development Meting, Philadelphia.
Delshad, A. & Almolali, S. (2013). The Effectiveness of a Training Program for the Development of Non-verbal Behaviors on a Sample of Autistic Children, Damascus University Journal, 29(1), 193-234.
Engel, A. (2011). Physical Activity Participation in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders: An Exploratory Study, Master of Science University of Toronto, USA.
Ezell, S., Field, T., Nadel, J., Newton,R., Murrey,G., Siddalingappa, V., and Grace, A. (2012). Imitation effects on joint attention behaviors of children with autism, Psychology, 3(9), 681-685.
Fadel, R. (2015). The Effectiveness of a Play Training Program in developing Some Language Communication Skills for Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder, Unpublished Master’s Thesis, Faculty of Education, University of Jordan, Amman.
https://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/autism/data.html.
Kinney, E., Vedora, J., and Stromer, R. (2003). Computer-Presented video models to teach generative spelling to a child with an autism spectrum disorder, Journal of Positive Behavior Intervention, 5, 22-29.
Lyons, E. (2008). Case study of child with autism: Implementation of the P.L.A.Y project, Master’s and Doctoral projects, University of Toledo, USA.
Mashhor, M. M. A. (2016). The Effectiveness of a Proposed Training Program Based on Group Play Activities in Developing Social Skills for Autistic Children in Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates (Case Study), Unpublished Master’s Thesis, United Arab Emirates University, Faculty of Education.
Mustafa, O. & Sharbini, A. (2011). Autism: Causes, Diagnosis and Treatment. Amman: Dar Almasira Press.
Nasr, S. A. (2002). Language Communication for the Autistic Child: Diagnosis and Treatment Programs. (2nd ed.). Amman: Dar Alfekr Press.
Nikolov, R., Junker, J., and Scahill ,L. (2006). Autism Disorder: Current Psychopathological Treatments and Areas of Future Developments, Revista Brasileira de Psiquiatria, 28(1).
Rogers, J., Cook, I., and Merry, A. (2005). Imitation and play in autism. https://www.wiley.com/legacy/wileyblackwell//images/Volkmar_Ch14.pdf.
Strock, M. (2004). Autism Spectrum Disorder (Pervasive Developmental Disorder), National Institute of Mental Health (NIH).
Wollfberg, P. (2014). Integrated Play Groups Helps Children with Autism. http:// medicalxpress.com/news/2014-10-groups- children-autism.html.
