دور ريادة الأعمال في تمكين النساء والفتيات من ذوي الإعاقة
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35516/Hum.2026.10615الكلمات المفتاحية:
ريادة الأعمال، التمكين، ، النساء والفتيات من ذوي الإعاقة.الملخص
الأهداف: تستكشف الدراسة دور ريادة الأعمال في تمكين النساء والفتيات من ذوي الإعاقة؛ بهدف فهم تأثير ريادة الأعمال على وضعهن الاجتماعي والاقتصادي، وهي تركز على تجارب النساء والفتيات اللاتي خضن تجربة ريادة الأعمال في المجتمع، خاصة داخل مركز الداخلة في مصر.
المنهجيَّة: استخدمت الدراسة منهجًا نوعيًا وصفيًا، وجمعت البيانات عبر مقابلات وجاهية باستخدام دليل دراسة حالة مع النساء والفتيات من ذوي الإعاقة اللاتي انخرطن في ريادة الأعمال. جرى اختيار عينة احتمالية مكونة من 20 بطريقة العينة الطبقية متعددة المراحل لضمان تمثيل متنوع للتجارب. وستكشف الدراسة عن العلاقة بين هذه الأنشطة الريادية وتمكين المشاركات، مع التركيز على النتائج الاجتماعية والاقتصادية.
النتائج: تكشف الدراسة عن أن الأفراد الذين يمتلكون صفات ريادية- بغض النظر عن الجنس -لديهم فرصة أكبر لبدء مشاريع ناجحة، وعن إن معظم المشاريع التي تديرها النساء من ذوي الإعاقة في مركز الداخلة تتركز في الخدمات الاستهلاكية ذات العوائد المحدودة؛ مما يقلل من تأثيرها الاقتصادي الأوسع، ومعظم المشاركات يعملن خارج مجالات دراستهن؛ مما يبرز دور ريادة الأعمال في خلق فرص العمل. أظهرت النتائج أن 15 من أصل 20 مشاركة كنّ على دراية بريادة الأعمال، لكن البعض خلط بينها وبين المشاريع الصغيرة بسبب محدودية التعليم والوعي، كما أن 95% من المشاركات لم يعتبرن الإعاقة عائقًا أمام ريادة الأعمال، وأكدت 18 مشاركة أن ريادة الأعمال عززت رأس المال الاجتماعي لديهن.
الخلاصة: تشير النتائج إلى أن نجاح ريادة الأعمال يعتمد على الابتكار، وتحمل المخاطر، وزيادة الوعي المجتمعي. وبالرغم من التحديات، فإن ريادة الأعمال تمكّن النساء والفتيات من ذوي الإعاقة اجتماعيًّا واقتصاديًّا.
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