التحوّط من مخاطر تقلّب أسعار الصرف باستخدام المرابحات المتقابلة في المصارف الإسلاميّة: دراسة فقهيّة

Abu Dawood, S. (n.d). Sunan Abi Daoud. Beirut: Modern Library.

Abu Ghaddah, P. (2013). Hedging, a paper presented to the International Islamic Fiqh Academy Conference, the twenty-first session.

Accounting and Auditing Organization for Islamic Financial Institutions (2015). Shari’a Standards. Riyadh: Dar Al Maiman.

Al-Anazi, M. (2015). Jurisprudence of Islamic Financial Engineering. (1st ed.). Riyadh: House of Treasures of Seville.

Al-Barakti, M. (2003). Jurisprudential Definitions. (1st ed.). Beirut: Dar Al-Kutub Al-Ilmiyya.

Al-Bustani, b. (1977). Ocean Ocean / Extended Dictionary of the Arabic Language. (1st ed.). Beirut: Library of Lebanon.

Al-Dossary, I. (2010). Hedging Contracts from the Risks of Currency Fluctuations. (1st ed.). Riyadh: Dar Kunooz Ishbilia.

Al-Dossary, I. (2013). Agency by Investment, within the research of the 34th Al-Baraka Symposium on Islamic Economics. (1st ed.). Bahrain: Al Baraka Banking Group.

Al-Fayoumi, A. (n.d). The Lighting Lamp in Gharib Al-Sharh Al-Kabeer. Beirut: The Scientific Library.

Al-Fifi, H. (2013). Hedging Against Investment Risks in Islamic Banks. (1st ed.). Riyadh: Ibn Al-Atheer House.

Al-Hattab, S. (1992). Talents of the Galilee in the Explanation of Khalil's Mukhtasar. (3rd ed.). Amman: Dar Al-Fikr.

Al-Kasani, A. (1986). Badaa’ Al-Sana’i Fi Ta’arif Al-Shari’. (2nd ed.). Beirut: Dar al-Kutub al-Ilmiyya.

Al-Khaloufi, A. (2016). Jurisprudence Tricks and their Relationship to Islamic Banking. (1st ed.). Riyadh: House of Treasures of

Al-Mardawi, A. (n.d). Fairness in the Knowledge of the Most Correct of the Dispute. (2nd ed.). Beirut: House of Revival of Arab Heritage.

Al-Mushaikh, Kh. (2004). Banking Tawarruq through the Sale of Metals, Umm Al-Qura Magazine, 18(30).

Al-Omrani, A. (2010). Complex Financial Contracts. (2nd ed). Riyadh: House of Treasures of Ishbilia.

Al-Omrani, A. (2013). Hedging in Financial Transactions, Research Presented to the International Islamic Fiqh Academy Conference.

Al-Qaradawi, Y. (1998). Murabaha Sale as Conducted by Banks. (1st ed.). Beirut: Al-Resala Foundation.

Al-Qarafi, A. (1994). Al-Thakhira. (1st ed.). Beirut: Dar Al-Gharb Al-Islami.

Al-Qari, M. (n.d). Hedging Mechanisms in Islamic Financial Operations, a paper presented to the Seventh Conference of Shariah Boards of Islamic Financial Institutions.

Al-Qari, M. (n.d). Tawarruq as Conducted by Banks is an Economic Jurisprudence Study, a research presented to the Islamic Fiqh Academy in its session seventeen.

Al-Qari, M. (n.d). Tawarruq as Conducted by Banks, Sharia Standards Studies, Accounting and Auditing Organization, Bahrain.

Al-Qarra Daghi, A. (2011). Banking Tawarruq between Controlled Tawarruq and Organized Tawarruq. (1st ed.). Beirut: Dar Al-Bashaer.

Al-Razi, Z. (1999). Mukhtar Al-Sahah. (5th ed.). Beirut: Al-Mataba Al-Asriyyah.

Al-Salous, A. (2007). The Alternative Product of the Deposit for Presentation and Discussion, a paper presented to the Council of the Islamic Fiqh Council of the Muslim World League in its nineteenth session.

Al-Samarrai, S. (1980). Modern Economic Dictionary. (1st ed.). Beirut: Arab Foundation for studies and publishing.

Al-Sanaani, A. (n.d). Workbook. India: Scientific Council.

Al-Shathri, S. (2007). The Alternative Product for the Term Deposit, a paper presented to the Council of the Islamic Fiqh Academy of the Muslim World League in its nineteenth session.

Al-Shubaili, Y. (2015). Capital Protection, within the Studies of Sharia Standards. (1st ed). Manama: Accounting and Auditing Organization for Islamic financial institutions.

Al-Shubaili, Y. (2016). Hedging in financial transactions, presented to the scientific symposium entitled:" hedging in financial transactions: controls and provisions", held by the Islamic Fiqh Academy in cooperation with the Islamic Economic Fiqh forum.

Al-Suwailem, S. (2007). Hedging in Islamic Finance. (1st ed.). Islamic Research and Training Institute.

Al-Suwailem, S. (2009). Banking Tawarruq Products, research presented to the International Islamic Fiqh Academy.

Al-Suwailem, S. (2009). Issues in Islamic Economics and Finance. (1st ed.). Riyadh: House of Treasures of Seville.

Al-Suwailem, S. (2012). Treatment of Exchange Rate Risks in Islamic Financial Transactions, research of the third Al-Baraka symposium.

Al-Suwailem, S. (n.d). Alternative Product for the Term Deposit Inverted Tawarruq: Direct Investment, a paper presented to the Council of the Fiqh Council.

Alunazi, M. (2013). Risk in Contemporary Financial Transactions. (1st ed.). Riyadh: Ishbilia Treasures House.

Decision of the International Islamic Fiqh Academy, 2009, No. 179 (19/5), regarding tawarruq: its reality, its types (the well-known jurisprudence and organized banking).

El-Shatby, E. (1997). Al Muwafaqat. (1st ed.). Cairo: Dar Ibn Affan.

El-Sherbiny, M. (1994). Mughni who Needs to Know the Meanings of the Words of the Curriculum. (1st ed.). Beirut: Dar Al-Kutub Al-Ilmiyya.

Fatwa and Shari’a Supervisory Board, Dubai Financial Market Standards Compliant with Islamic Shari’a Provisions, Standard No. 3, Hedging investment and financing risks.

Hamid, p. (2016). The Purpose of Hedging in Financial Products, research submitted to the International Islamic Fiqh Academy of the Islamic Organization Cooperation.

Hammad, I. (2001). Financial Derivatives / Concepts of Risk Management Accounting. (1st ed.). Alexandria: University House.

Hammad, N. (2009). Tawarruq: Its Wisdom and Contemporary Applications, a paper presented to the International Islamic Fiqh Academy at its nineteenth session in Sharjah.

Heikal, A. (1980). Encyclopedia of Economic and Statistical Terms. (2nd ed.). Beirut: Dar Al-Nahda.

Ibn Abi Shaybah, P. (1988). The Book of Hadiths and Athars. (1st ed.). Riyadh: Al-Rushd Library.

Ibn Al-Qayyim, M. (1991). Flags of the Signatories on the Authority of the Lord of the Worlds. (1st ed.). Beirut: Dar Al-Kutub Al-Ilmiyya.

Ibn al-Qayyim, M. (1994). Zad Al-Ma'ad Fi Huda Khair Al-Abbad. (27th ed.). Beirut: Al-Risala Foundation.

Ibn Arafa, M. (n.d). Al-Desouki's Footnote to the Great Commentary. Amman: Dar Al-Fikr.

Ibn Ashour, M. (2004) Maqasid al-Shari'ah, Qatar: Ministry of Awqaf and Islamic Affairs.

Ibn Manea, Abd. (n.d). The Alternative Producer of the Term Deposit, a paper presented to the Council of the Islamic Fiqh Academy of the Muslim World League at its nineteenth session.

Ibn Manzoor, M. (1993). Lisan Al Arab. (3rd ed.). Beirut: Dar Sader.

Ibn Qudamah, P. (n.d). Al-Mughni. Cairo: Cairo Library.

Ibn Rushd, M. (2004). The Beginning of Al-Mujtahid and the End of Al-Muqtadaq. Cairo: Dar Al-Hadith.

Ibn Taymiyyah, T. (1996). Interpretation of Ashkelat Verses. (1st ed.). Riyadh: Al-Rushd Library.

Ishbilia.

Kahf, M. and Barakat, A. (2005). Banking Tawarruq in Contemporary Application, Research Presented to the Conference of Financial Institutions.

Kuwaiti Fiqh Encyclopedia. Kuwait: Ministry of Awqaf and Islamic Affairs.

Meera,H. (2011). New Financing Contracts in Islamic Banks. Riyadh: Dar Al-Maiman.

Omar, A. (2008). Dictionary of the Contemporary Arabic Language. (1st ed.). Riyadh: The World of Books.

Osman, I. (2009). Tawarruq: Its Reality and Types (the well-known jurisprudence and organized banking), a paper presented to the International Islamic Fiqh Academy in its nineteenth session in Sharjah.

Owaida, A. (2010). Risk Theory in Islamic Economics. USA: The International Institute of Thought Islam.

Qahf, M. (2011). Fundamentals of Islamic Finance. Malaysia: The International Academy of Sharia Research.

Radwan, S. (2005). Financial Derivatives and their Role in Risk Management. (1st ed.). Egypt: Universities Publishing House.

Sarakhsi, M. (1993). Al-Mabsout. Beirut: House of Knowledge.

Shabeer, M. (n.d). Fiqh Tawarruq and Its Contemporary Banking Applications, a paper presented to the International Islamic Fiqh Academy in its session Nineteen in Sharjah.

Shawish, W. (2016). Hedging by Floating Price and Quantity in Forward Sales in the Light of Islamic Finance Engineering. Dirasat: Shari’a and Law Sciences, The University of Jordan, 43(1).

Shirazi, I. (n.d). Al-Muhadhab in the Jurisprudence of Imam Al-Shafi’i. Beirut: Dar Al-Kutub Al-Ilmiyya.

The Arabic Language Academy in Cairo, (1989). The intermediate dictionary. (1st ed.). Istanbul: Dar Al-Da`wah.

The decision of the Islamic Fiqh Council of the Muslim World League in its seventeenth session held in Makkah Al-Mukarramah, during the period From 19-23/10/1424 AH corresponding to 12/13/2003 CE, he examined the topic: (Tawarruq as it is being conducted by some banks at the present time).

The Sharia Board of Al Rajhi Bank (2010). Decisions of the Sharia Board. (1st ed.) Riyadh: Dar Kunouz Ishbilia.

The Sharia Board of Bank Albilad (2016). The controls extracted from the decisions of the Sharia Board of Bank Albilad. (2nd ed.). Riyadh: Dar Al Maiman.

Zarqa, A. (1989). Explanation of Fiqh Rules. (2nd ed.). Damascus: Dar Al-Qalam.