The Impact of Using Cooperative and Command Learning Strategies on the Level of Self-Esteem among Handball Skills Course-Enrolled Students in the Faculty of Physical Education at the University of Jordan

Abstract

Objectives: This study aimed to identify the impact of using the cooperative and command learning strategies on the level of self-esteem among students enrolled in the Handball course in the school of Sport Sciences at the University of Jordan.

Methods: The experimental method was used. The study sample consisted of 28 male and female students enrolled in the Handball (2) course in the first semester of 2020/2021 academic year. The students were selected non-randomly and divided into two experimental groups: the first group, consisted of 13 students to which the “command learning” was applied, and the second group consisted of 15 students to which the “cooperative learning” was applied. The educational program was applied for six weeks with three meetings a week, totaling in 18 educational sessions.

Results: The results of the study showed that there were no statistical differences between the impact of cooperative and command learning strategies on self-esteem. Yet, it is worth mentioning that impact of cooperative learning on self-esteem was slightly higher than that of command learning. 

Conclusions: it is recommended to employ variable teaching strategies, especially cooperative learning, in teaching handball courses for the indispensable role it plays in increasing the level of self-esteem, which, in return, helps develop the psychological skills.