الكتب والمصَّنفات المكية في العصر المملوكي التي أرَّخت السيرة النبوية الشريفة  648-923ه‍/1250-1517م: دراسة تاريخية تحليلية

Reema Saleh S.  AlQirnas

doi:10.35516/hum.v51i3.1197

Authors

Reema Saleh S. AlQirnas Department of Social Studies, College of Art, King Faisal University, AL Ahsa, Saudi Arabia https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0760-2103

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.35516/hum.v51i3.1197

Keywords:

The Prophetic Biography, the Prophet, Mecca, Biographic Works, the Praises, Mamluk era

Abstract

Objectives: The study aimed to document the most famous books and writings in Mecca that recorded the Prophet's biography during the Mamluk period (648-923 AH / 1250-1517 AD) through study and analysis. These works encompassed comprehensive biographies or specific parts thereof.

Method: The study adopted the analytical survey method and relied on authentic historical sources, while adhering to the chronological and geographical frameworks of the research.

Conclusions: The study indicated that the scholars of Makkah cared for the biography of the Prophet, and dealt with it in two axes; The first: The works on the Prophet’s biography and its fields: such as birth, upbringing, emigration, and death, and this was represented in the works of al-Muhib al-Tabari, such as the book “The Prophet’s Biography”, “Khalassat Sirat Sayyid al-Bishr”, “Thakhira’ al-Aqabi fi Manaqib al-Qarbi” and al-Fasi in “Mukhtasar al-Sira Al-Nabawyya", and Al-Qastalani's book "AlMawaheb Alldanya". The second: Works on Signs (Dalail), Virtues (Shama'il), and Praises (Madah), such as the book of Ibn Sayyid al-Nas "Uyoun al-Athar" and the book of al-Suyuti "Zahr al-Khamayel 'ala al-Shamail". Biography books were also included in educational curricula, such as the works of al-Muhib al-Tabari, al-Maqrizi, and al-Sakhawi. Unique compilations of the scholars of Makkah in the Mamluk era highlighted the most important of them. The book “Al-Salat wa Al-Bushra fi Al-Salati 'ala Khayr Al-Bashar” by Al-Fayrouzabadi, which is the first and oldest book that talks about the art of praying for the Prophet, peace be upon him, and the collection of prophetic poems authored by Ibn Sayyid Al-Nas in his book “Basharat Al-Labyib bi Dhikra Al-Habib.” The writings of Taqi al-Din Ibn Fahd, such as the book “Al-Badoor Al-Zawahir” and “Al-Masabih Al-Mashreqah Al-Zahira”, were also remarkable for their scholarly sessions held in the gatherings of Hasan bin 'Ajlan. In these works, Ibn Fahd focused on verifying the authenticity of hadiths and providing high-quality chains of narration.

Recommendations: The creativity of Meccan scholars during the Mamluk era manifested in their prolific writings and scientific works related to the Prophet's biography. They exhibited a wide range of writing subjects, diversified fields of authorship, and a multitude of explanatory, commentary, and abridged works. Consequently, this led to the flourishing of cultural, literary, and scientific movements during the Mamluk era.

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