Nature's Embrace: Enhancing Quality of Life through Ecotourism in Kuala Tahan National Park in the Post-Pandemic Era

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.35516/hum.v52i4.6912

Keywords:

destination image, perceived value, satisfaction, quality of life, ecotourism.

Abstract

Objectives: This study aims to determine the interrelationships between destination image, perceived value, satisfaction, and the quality of life (QoL) of domestic ecotourists at Kuala Tahan National Park (KTNP) and the mediating effect of perceived value and satisfaction.

Methods: A quantitative method is used to uncover significant insights, including surveys analysed via SmartPLS statistical software.

Results: The finding indicates that health and well-being are essential in enhancing QoL in ecotourists. At the same time, social value appears less relevant due to the pandemic's influence on consumption patterns and travel behaviour. This study's originality lies in extending the existing QoL model within the ecotourism domain, introducing novel dimensions to destination image and perceived value variables informed by expectancy-disconfirmation and bottom-up spillover theories.

Conclusions: The findings highlight the transformative potential of ecotourism activities in improving ecotourists' well-being, offering a comprehensive model that distinguishes each variable's unique contributions and effects. This research enriches the academic discourse on ecotourism's impact on QoL and provides practical insights for stakeholders aiming to leverage ecotourism to improve well-being in the post-pandemic era.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Abdullah, A. R., Weng, C. N., Afif, I., and Fatah, A. (2018). Ecotourism in Penang national park: a multi-stakeholder perspective on environmental issues. Journal of Business and Social Development, Vol.6, No.1, pp.70–83.

Ahn, J., and Back, K. J. (2019), Cruise brand experience: Functional and wellness value creation in tourism business, International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 31(5), 2205–2223.

Aliman, N. K., Hashim, S. M., Wahid, S. D. M., & Harudin, S. (2016). Tourists’ satisfaction with a destination: An investigation on visitors to Langkawi island, International Journal of Marketing Studies, 8(3), 173–188.

Aziz, N., Chan, S., & Aprilia, C. (2020). An investigation towards the antecedent of tourists’ happiness, International Journal of Innovation, Management and Technology, 11(3).

Azlizam, A., Syed-Alias, S. N. H., Mazlina, J., Idris, N. H., & Manohar, M. (2018). The attractiveness of Taman Negara National Park, Malaysia as perceived by local visitors. Journal of Wildlife and Parks, 33, 1–13.

Brymer, E., & Marie Lacaze, A. (2013). The benefits of ecotourism for visitor wellness. (1st ed.). Edward Elgar Publishing Limited.

Buckley, R. (2010). Conservation tourism. CAB International.

Caber, M., Albayrak, T., & Crawford, D. (2020). Perceived value and its impact on travel outcomes in youth tourism. Journal of Outdoor Recreation and Tourism, 31, 100327.

Calza, F., Pagliuca, M., Risitano, M., & Sorrentino, A. (2020), Testing moderating effects on the relationships among on-board cruise environment, satisfaction, perceived value and behavioural intentions. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 32(2), 934–952.

Campón-Cerro, A. M., Di-Clemente, E., Hernández-Mogollón, J. M., & Folgado-Fernández, J. A. (2020). Healthy water-based tourism experiences: their contribution to quality of life, satisfaction and loyalty. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(6), 1961.

Carvache-Franco, M., Carvache-Franco, O., Carvache-Franco, W., & Villagómez-Buele, C. (2020). From satisfaction in eco-tourism to loyalty in a National Park. GeoJournal of Tourism and Geosites, 28(1), 191–202.

Casali, G. L., Liu, Y., Presenza, A., & Moyle, C. L. (2020). How does familiarity shape destination image and loyalty for visitors and residents?. Journal of Vacation Marketing, 27(2), 1–17.

Castellanos-Verdugo, M., Vega-Vázquez, M., Oviedo-García, M. Á., & Orgaz-Agüera, F. (2016). The relevance of psychological factors in the ecotourist experience satisfaction through ecotourist site perceived value. Journal of Cleaner Production, 124, 226–235.

Ceballos-Lascurain, H. (2008). Ecotourism and ecolodge development in the 21st century. Ecotourism and conservation in the Americas, 12(7), 193-206.

Chen, C., & Petrick, J. (2013). Health and wellness benefits of travel experiences: A literature review. Journal of Travel Research, 52(6),709–719.

Chen, Y., & Li, X. R. (2018). Does a happy destination bring you happiness? Evidence from Swiss inbound tourism. Tourism Management, 65, 256-266.

Cheng, Y. S., Kuo, N. T., Chang, K. C., & Chen, C. H. (2018). How a tour guide interpretation service creates intention to revisit for tourists from mainland China: the mediating effect of perceived value. Journal of China Tourism Research, 15(1), 84–104.

Department of Statistics Malaysia. (2019). Statistik pelawat ke Taman Negara. https://www.data.gov.my/data/ ms_MY/dataset/groups/statistik-pelawat-ke-taman-negara.

Do, H. H., Weaver, D., & Lawton, L. (2021). Vietnamese ecotourists: Ecotourists from an unconventional market. (1st ed.) Routledge.

Doe, J., & Smith, A. (2020). Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on global tourism and citizen well-being. Journal of Pandemic Studies, 1(2), 123-135.

Fennell, D. A. (2020). Ecotourism, Routledge. http://sherekashmir.informatics publishing.com/490/1/9780851996103.pdf

Ferrari, S., & Gilli, M. (2017). Protected natural areas as innovative health tourism destinations. (1st ed.). The Routledge Handbook of Health Tourism.

Fornell, C., & Larcker, D. F. (1981). Evaluating structural equation models with unobservable variables and measurement error. Journal of Marketing Research, 18(1), 39–50.

Gallarza, M. G., Maubisson, L., & Rivière, A. (2021). Replicating consumer value scales: A comparative study of EVS and PERVAL at a cultural heritage site. Journal of Business Research, 126, 614-623.

Ghorbanzadeh, D., Shabbir, M. S., Mahmood, A., & Kazemi, E. (2020). Investigating the role of experience quality in predicting destination image, perceived value, satisfaction, and behavioural intentions: a case of war tourism. Current Issues in Tourism, 24(21), 3090-3106.

Glyptou, K. (2020). Destination Image Co-creation in Times of Sustained Crisis. Tourism Planning & Development, 18(2),166–188.

Hair, J. F., Hult, G.T.M., Ringle, C.M., & Sarstedt, M. (2017). A primer on partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM). (2nd ed.). SAGE Publication.

Han, H., Yua, J., & Hyun, S. S. (2004). Nature-based solutions and customer retention strategy: eliciting customer wellbeing experiences and self-rated mental health. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 86, 102446.

Hapsari, R., Clemes, M., & Dean, D. (2017). The impact of service quality, customer engagement and selected marketing constructs on airline passenger loyalty. International Journal of Quality and Service Sciences, 9(1), 21–40.

Hernandez-Mogollon, J. M., Di-Clemente, E., & Campon-Cerro, A. M. (2020). Culinary travel experiences, quality of life and loyalty. Spanish Journal of Marketing-ESIC, 24(3), 425–446.

Hunt, C. A., Durham, W. H., Driscoll, L., & Honey, M. (2015). Can ecotourism deliver real economic, social, and environmental benefits? A study of the Osa Peninsula, Costa Rica. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 23(3), 339-357.

Hossain, M. S., Mostafa, M. G., & Hossain, M. A. (2021). Modeling tourists' satisfaction in the nature-based tourist destination using structural equation modelling technique. Geo Journal of Tourism and Geosites, 37(3), 814-822.

Hussein, A. S., & Hapsari, R. (2020). Heritage experiential quality and behavioural intention: lessons from Indonesian heritage hotel consumers. Journal of Heritage Tourism, 16(3), 317-336.

Huwae, V. E., Noermijati N., Rofiaty R., & Husein A. S. (2020). The mediating role of destination value, tourist satisfaction, and tourist engagement on the relationship between destination image and tourist loyalty in Maluku, Indonesia. Leisure, 44(4), 587–620.

Jeong, Y., & Kim, S. (2019). Exploring a suitable model of destination image: The case of a small-scale recurring sporting event. Asia Pacific Journal of Marketing and Logistics, 31(5), 1287–1307.

Jamal, S. A., Othman, N., & Maheran, N. (2011). Tourist perceived value in a community-based homestay visit: An investigation into the functional and experiential aspect of value. Journal of Vacation Marketing, 17(1), 5–15.

Jiang, S., Scott, N., and Tao, L. (2019). Antecedents of augmented reality experiences: potential tourists to Shangri-La Potatso National Park, China. Asia Pacific Journal of Tourism Research, 24(10), 1034–1045.

Kim, H., Kim, Y. G., & Woo, E. (2020). Examining the impacts of touristification on quality of life (QOL): The application of the bottom-up spillover theory. The Service Industries Journal, 1–16.

Kim, H., Lee, S., Uysal, M., Kim, J., & Ahn, K. (2015a). Nature-based tourism: Motivation and subjective wellbeing. Journal of Travel and Tourism Marketing, 32(1), 76–96.

Kim, H., Woo, E., & Uysal, M. (2015b). Tourism experience and quality of life among elderly tourists. Tourism Management, 46, 465–476.

Kim, M., & Thapa, B. (2018). Perceived value and flow experience: Application in a nature-based tourism context. Journal of Destination Marketing & Management, 8, 373–384.

Ladeira, W. J., Santini, F. de O., Araujo, C. F., & Sampaio, C. H. (2016). A meta-analysis of the antecedents and consequences of satisfaction in tourism and hospitality. Journal of Hospitality Marketing and Management, 25(8), 975–1009.

Lee, S. A., Mathieu, A., Chiang, L., & Tang, L. R. (2017). An assessment of value dimensions in hiking tourism: Pathways toward quality of life. International Journal of Tourism Research, 20(2), 236–246.

Ma, A. T., Chow, A. S., Cheung, L. T., Lee, K. M., & Liu, S. (2018). Impacts of tourists’ sociodemographic characteristics on the travel motivation and satisfaction: the case of protected areas in South China. Sustainability, 10(10), 3388.

Matolo, R. J., Salia, P. J., & Ndibalema, V. G. (2020). Determinants of International Tourists’ Destination Loyalty: Empirical Evidence from Serengeti National Park in Tanzania. African Journal of Hospitality, Tourism and Leisure, 10(3), 821–838.

Mele, C., Russo-Spena, T., Tregua, M., & Pels, J. (2023). A Value-Based Wellbeing Framework. Journal of Macromarketing, 43(1), 85–97.

Mohamad, M., Ghani, N. I. A., & Izzati, N. (2014). The impact of tourist satisfaction on destination loyalty among European tourists visiting Malaysia. International Journal of Management Sciences, 2(8), 362–371.

Mutanga, C. N., Vengesayi, S., Chikuta, O., Muboko, N., & Gandiwa, E. (2017). Travel motivation and tourist satisfaction with wildlife tourism experiences in Gonarezhou and Matusadona National Parks, Zimbabwe. Journal of Outdoor Recreation and Tourism, 20, 1–18.

Naidoo, P., & Munhurrun, P. R. (2019). Tourism and quality of life. (1st ed.). The Routledge Handbook of Tourism Impacts, Theoretical and Applied Perspectives.

Nordin, M. R., & Jamal, S. (2020), A decade of ecotourism research in protected areas: A bibliometric analysis. Social and Management Research Journal, 17(2), 343-370

Nordin, M. R., & Jamal, S. A. (2021). Hiking tourism in Malaysia: Origins, benefits and post Covid-19 transformations. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 11(13), 88–100.

Nunnally, J. C., & Bernstein, I. H. (1994). Psychometric theory. (3rd ed.). McGraw-Hill.

Prebensen, N. K., Woo, E., Chen, J. S., & Uysal, M. (2012), Motivation and Involvement as Antecedents of the Perceived Value of the Destination Experience. Journal of Travel Research, 52(2), 253–264.

Prebensen, N. K., Woo, E., & Uysal, M. (2013). Experience value: Antecedents and consequences. Current Issues in Tourism, 17(10), 910–928.

Prebensen, N.K., & Xie, J. (2017), Efficacy of co-creation and mastering on perceived value and satisfaction in tourists’ consumption. Tourism Management, 60, 166-176.

Rasoolimanesh S.M., Dahalan N., & Jaafar, M. (2016). Tourists’ perceived value and satisfaction in a community-based homestay in the Lenggong Valley World Heritage Site. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Management, 2, 72–81.

Rohman, F. (2020). Determining Adventure Tourist Loyalty: Mediating Role of Tourist Satisfaction and Quality of Life. The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics, and Business, 7(10), 255-265.

Rousta, A., & Jamshidi, D. (2020), Food tourism value: Investigating the factors that influence tourists to revisit. Journal of Vacation Marketing, 26(1), 73-95.

Seyfi, S., & Hall, C.M. (2020). COVID-19 pandemic, tourism and degrowth. In Degrowth and Tourism: New Perspectives on Tourism Entrepreneurship, Destinations and Policy, Routledge.

Sirgy, M. J., Efraty, D., Siegel, P., & Lee, D. (2001), A new measure of quality of work life (QWL) based on need satisfaction and spillover theories. Social Indicators Research, 55, 241–302.

Sirgy, M., Kruger, P., Lee, D., & Yu, G. (2011), How does a travel trip affect tourists’ life satisfaction?, Journal of Travel Research, 50(3), 261–275.

Sivakami, V., Bindu, V. T., & George, B. (2023). Impact management and experience design for sustainable development of ecotourism destinations: the case of Eravikulam National Park, India. Journal of Ecotourism, 22(1), 80-102.

Sharma, P., & Nayak, J. K. (2018), Testing the role of tourists' emotional experiences in predicting destination image, satisfaction, and behavioural intentions: A case of wellness tourism. Tourism Management Perspectives, 28, 41-52.

Sheth, J.N., Newman, B.I., & Gross, B.L. (1991), Why we buy what we buy: a theory of consumption values. Journal of Business Research, 22(2), 159-170.

Su, L., Swanson, S. R., and Chen, X. (2018), Reputation, subjective wellbeing, and environmental responsibility: The role of satisfaction and identification. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 26(8), 1344-1361.

Sweeney, J. C., & Soutar, G. N. (2001). Consumer perceived value: The development of a multiple item scale. Journal of Retailing, 77(2), 203-220.

Tan, W.K., & Wu, C. E. (2016). An investigation of the relationships among destination familiarity, destination image and future visit intention. Journal of Destination Marketing & Management, 5(3), 214–226.

Uysal, M. (2020), Measuring tourism success – alternative outcome variables: a perspective article. Tourism Review, 75, 182-186.

Uysal, M., Berbekova, A., & Kim, H. (2020), Designing for quality of life. Annals of Tourism Research, 83, 102944.

Uysal, M., Perdue, R. R., & Sirgy, M. J. J. (2012). Handbook of tourism and quality-of-life Research: Enhancing the lives of tourists and residents of host communities. Springer.

Uysal, M., & Sirgy, M. J. (2019), Quality-of-life indicators as performance measures. Annals of Tourism Research, 76, 291–300.

Uysal, M., Sirgy, M. J., Woo, E., & Kim, H. L. (2015), Quality of life (QOL) and wellbeing research in tourism. Tourism Management, 53, 244–261.

Vinaya Kumara, K. S, & Binoy T A. (2020). Ecotourism for natural and cultural heritage protection-a study on Kudremukha National Park, Karnataka. Our Heritage, 68(30), 2246–2257.

Wen, J., Kozak, M., Yang, S., & Liu, F. (2020), Covid-19: Potential effects on Chinese citizens’ lifestyle and travel. Tourism Review, 76(1), 74-87.

Yeo, A. (2021). Ecotourism: Opportunity for the tourism sector in Malaysia to revive. BusinessToday.

Yu, J., Seo, J., & Hyun, S. S. (2021). Perceived hygiene attributes in the hotel industry: customer retention amid the COVID-19 crisis. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 93, 102768.

Downloads

Published

2025-03-10

How to Cite

Nordin, M. R. ., Jamal, S. M., & Hussein, A. S. (2025). Nature’s Embrace: Enhancing Quality of Life through Ecotourism in Kuala Tahan National Park in the Post-Pandemic Era. Dirasat: Human and Social Sciences, 52(4), 6912. https://doi.org/10.35516/hum.v52i4.6912

Issue

Section

Archaeology and Tourism
Received 2024-02-14
Accepted 2024-05-06
Published 2025-03-10