الاختلاس الفونيمي في عين الجذر الرباعي

Ahmed Ibrahim Bani Ata; Sateh Abdullah Al-Thunaibat

doi:10.35516/Hum.2026.9197

Authors

Ahmed Ibrahim Bani Ata Department of Arabic Language, Faculty of Arts and Educational Sciences, Middle East University, Amman, Jordan. https://orcid.org/0009-0003-1193-9160
Sateh Abdullah Al-Thunaibat Department of Arabic Language, Faculty of Arts, University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6292-9833

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.35516/Hum.2026.9197

Keywords:

Fading, phoneme, root, trilateral, theft

Abstract

Objectives: To identify the phonemic theft of the quadrilateral root letter in Arabic dictionaries, locate words where the letter ‘ayn is believed to have been added, demonstrate that abstract trilateral verbs are derived from quadrilaterals with ‘ayn as the root rather than an additional letter, examine the processes by which speakers omit the ‘ayn from quadrilateral verbs, and highlight the constraints of the speaker's speech and auditory systems that contribute to this phonemic fading.

Methods: The study utilized a descriptive-analytical approach that was well-suited to the nature of the problem. This method helped demonstrate the phonemic theft of the quadrilateral root letter, establish the derivation of trilateral verbs from quadrilaterals, and explore the pathways of fading, allowing for an assessment of the validity of hypothesis.

Results: The study revealed that the phonemic theft of the root letter ‘ayn’ is influenced by factors such as the phonetic difference between ‘ayn’ and neighboring sounds, limitations of the speech apparatus, the impact of friction on phonemes, the ability to extend sounds, and pronunciation conflicts related to muscle effort, phonemic rank.

Conclusions: This study explores the phonemic theft of the letter ‘ayn in the quadrilateral root of Arabic words, focusing on terms where ‘ayn is thought to be added. As one of the most distinct and pleasant-sounding Arabic letters, this study argues that abstract trilateral verbs containing ‘ayn are derived from quadrilaterals, with ‘ayn as the root rather than an augmentation, stolen for phonetic, physical, and phonetic reasons.

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