تصور مقترح لدمج نتاجات التعلم المرتبطة بمنحى STEAM ببرامج إعداد المعلمين في الجامعات الفلسطينية: دراسة نوعية
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35516/edu.v51i4.7964الكلمات المفتاحية:
منحى STEAM، نتاجات التعلم المقصودة (ILOs)، برامج إعداد المعلمين، التصور المقترح.الملخص
الأهداف: تهدف هذه الدراسة إلى الكشف عن مدى توفّر مخرجات منحى STEAM في نتاجات التعلم المقصودة (ILOs) لبرامج إعداد المعلمين في الجامعات الفلسطينية، وإلى تقديم تصور مقترح لنتاجات التعلم المقصودة (ILOs) لبرامج إعداد المعلمين في ضوء مخرجات منحى STEAM.
المنهجية: استخدمت هذه الدراسة المنهج النوعي مُعتمدةً على أسلوب التحليل الموضوعي الثيمائي (Thematic Description) لنتاجات تعلم برامج إعداد المعلمين، حيث تم استخدام التحليل الاستقرائي والاستنباطي باستخدام قوائم الترميز (Code Book). كما واستُخْدِمَ أسلوب تحليل النظم لتطوير نتاجات تعلم مقصودة ILOs وفق منحى STEAM لبرامج إعداد المعلمين في الجامعات الفلسطينية، وتم تقييم الصدق التحكيمي للتصور المقترح باستخدام سُلّم تقدير لمعايير التصور من قبل مجموعة من الخبراء.
النتائج: توصلت الدراسة إلى وجود تفاوت في تمثيل مخرجات تعلم STEAM في برامج إعداد المعلمين في الجامعات الفلسطينية، ومحدودية التعبير عن معناها. وجاءت المخرجات المتعلقة بالتفكير الناقد والتفكير التّأمُّلي والتعلم التعاوني وحل المشكلات الأعلى تمثيلًا. كما وأن التصور المقترح يتضمن مصفوفة المدخلات والعمليات والمخرجات التي تشتمل على نتاجات تعلُّم ILOs وفق منحى STEAM بمستوياتها الأربعة: المعرفة (عددها 8)، والمهارات التخصُّصية الذهنية (عددها 12)، والمهارات الأدائية والمهنية (عددها 12)، والمهارات العامة المنقولة (عددها 10) حيث جاء شاملًا لعناصره وواضحًا في محتواه وقابلًا للتنفيذ بدرجة مرتفعة.
الخلاصة: طرحت الدراسة آليات لتطبيق التصور على مستوى هيئة الاعتماد والجودة ووزارة التربية والتعليم العالي كاستخدامه لتقييم برامج إعداد المعلمين، وعلى مستوى الجامعة لتطوير نتاجات التعلم المقصودة ILOs لبرامج إعداد المعلمين وفق منحى STEAM، وعلى مستوى المدارس لتوفير معلمين مختصين بمنحى STEAM والمساهمة في تحقيق فكرة المدرسة المنتجة.
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