University Ownership as a Moderator Effect: The Impact of Human Security of Academic ‎Staff on Job Retention

Amani Mashhoo Al-Refai Al-Refai; Farida Rachid‎ Boulesnane; Husam‎ IbrahimArman; Fuad Taha‎ Talafha; Rose Fowler ‎ Al-Hawamdeh; Ahmed Mohammad‎ Alhawamdeh; Abdel Hakim Oqlah‎ Akhorshaideh; Alaeddin Mohammad Khalaf‎ Ahmad

doi:10.35516/Hum.2025.8145

Authors

Amani Mashhoo Al-Refai Al-Refai Department of Basic Sciences and Humanities, Faculty of Arts and Humanities, Applied Science Private University, Amman, Jordan. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2255-2626
Farida Rachid‎ Boulesnane Clinical Psychology Department, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Al-Ahliyya Amman University, Amman, Jordan. https://orcid.org/0009-0004-4855-9310
Husam‎ IbrahimArman Techno-Economics Division, Kuwait institute for Scientific Research, Kuwait, Kuwait. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3546-1718
Fuad Taha‎ Talafha The Department of Psychology, The College of Educational Sciences, Mutah University, Karak, Jordan. https://orcid.org/0009-0008-8131-8796
Rose Fowler ‎ Al-Hawamdeh Department of Languages, School of Social and Basic Sciences, Hussein Technical University, Amman, Jordan. https://orcid.org/0009-0001-9507-0479
Ahmed Mohammad‎ Alhawamdeh Private Law Department, School of Law, Jerash University, Jerash, Jordan. https://orcid.org/0009-0001-3415-2171
Abdel Hakim Oqlah‎ Akhorshaideh Department of Public Administrtaion, School of Business, The University of Jordan, Amman Jordan. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7109-6885
Alaeddin Mohammad Khalaf‎ Ahmad Department of Marketing, School of Business, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5410-7925

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.35516/Hum.2025.8145

Keywords:

Human security, job retention, academic staff, universities, Jordan.

Abstract

Objectives: This paper aims to investigate the impact of the human security of academic staff on job retention at Jordanian universities. Moreover, to examine the moderator effect of university ownership between human security and job retention at Jordanian private and public universities.

Methods: A cross-sectional online questionnaire was used to collect the primary data using a sample of (N=356) respondents who are academic staff at Jordanian governmental and private universities. A structural equation modelling (SEM) was designed to test the relationships between the elements of human security of academic staff and job retention at using University Ownership as a Moderator Effect.

Results: The results showed that human security has a significant positive effect on job retention. In addition, job satisfaction has a partial moderating effect since there is a direct, significant positive relationship between human security and job retention for academic staff at Jordanian universities.

Conclusions: This paper suggests that universities must develop effective human resource strategies to ensure their academic staff feel secure in all aspects (job security, legal security, economic security, research security, personal and moral security).

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