التوجه نحو السيطرة الاجتماعية وتقبّل نتائج الانتخابات السياسية: دور متغيريّ دعم الديمقراطية والعدالة السياسية المتصورة
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35516/hum.v49i3.1334الكلمات المفتاحية:
التوجّه نحو السيطر، دعم الديمقراطية، العدالة السياسية، قبول الانتخاباتالملخص
هدفت هذه الدراسة إلى إلقاء الضوء على الآليات التي تؤدي إلى الانقسام بين الناخبين والمتابعين في وقت الانتخابات السياسية، سواء كانت رئاسية أو برلمانية حيث ينقسم هؤلاء إلى مؤيدين للنظام السياسي القائم ولديهم آراء سلبية تجاه من يعارضه، ومعارضين للنظام السياسي الحاكم ولديهم آراء سياسية سلبية عنه. ولتحقيق هذا الهدف تم بناء استبيان مؤلف من (29) فقرة، وتم تطبيقه على عينة مؤلفة من 370 مقيمًا مصرياً في دولة قطر، وتدور فقرات الاستبيان حول الانتخابات الرئاسية المصرية التي جرت عام 2012 وانقسم بشأنها المصريون بين من وصفها بأنها انتخابات نزيهة ويجب قبول نتائجها، وبين من وصفها بأنها غير نزيهة وأدت لوصول الرئيس محمد مرسي وحزبه للحكم. و أظهر تحليل النتائج أن مدى قبول أو رفض الأفراد لنتائج الانتخابات يرتبط سلبياً بدالة إحصائية بكل من التوجه نحو السيطرة الاجتماعية (r = -.26, p < .001, Mean = 2.12, SD = .50)، والعدالة السياسية المُتَصَوَّرة (r = -.37, p < .001, Mean = 1.60, SD = .67)، وارتباطاً إيجابياً بالاتجاه نحو دعم الديمقراطية (r =.40, p < .001, Mean = 3.93, SD = .55). وأظهر تحليل الانحدار المتعدد أن كل من العدالة السياسية المتصورة والاتجاه نحو دعم الديمقراطية يتنبآن بمدى قبول الناس لنتائج الانتخابات. كما أظهر تحليل المتغير الوسيط أن العدالة السياسية المتصورة للنظام والاتجاه نحو دعم الديمقراطية يتوسطان بشكل كامل في العلاقة بين متغيّر التوجه نحو الهيمنة الاجتماعية ومتغير مدى قبول الأفراد لنتائج الانتخابات. وخلصت الدراسة إلى أن التوجه نحو السيطرة الاجتماعية يؤثر على مدى قبول أو رفض الأفراد لنتائج الانتخابات من خلال كل من العدالة السياسية المُتَصَوَّرة وتبني اتجاهات داعمة للعملية الديمقراطية.
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