أثر المطالب الشعبية على استجابة الدولة الأردنية للإصلاحات السياسية (1999_2021)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35516/hum.v52i3.4268الكلمات المفتاحية:
الأردن، الإصلاح السياسي، الديمقراطية، الحراك، الأحزاب، التحديث، الاستقرار.الملخص
الأهداف: تهدف الدراسة إلى تسليط الضوء على مسيرة الإصلاح السياسي في الأردن، والتعرف إلى التطلعات والرؤى الشعبية، وتبيان الخطوات والتوجهات الإصلاحية التي أعلنتها الدولة، للتوصل إلى مدى استجابة الدولة الأردنية للمطالب الشعبية تجاه عملية الإصلاح السياسي.
المنهجية: قامت الدراسة بتحليل مسيرة الإصلاح السياسي من خلال عدة مناهج؛ أولاً منهج تحليل النظم "ديفيد إيستون" حيث النظر إلى المدخلات والمتمثلة في المطالب الشعبية المتعلقة بالإصلاح السياسي، والمخرجات التي تتمثل بالقرارات والتوجهات الإصلاحية الرسمية، ومن ثم التغذية الراجعة للتوصل إلى مدى توفر عناصر الجدية والالتزام في المخرجات التي تقاس بمدى استجابة الدولة الأردنية لتلك الإصلاحات السياسية، ثانياً منهج اتخاذ القرار من حيث تركيز متخذ القرار بعد جمع المعلومات وتحليلها على اختيار الخيار الأمثل من عدة بدائل متاحة والعمل على تنفيذه، ثالثاً المنهج المؤسسي بالنظر على النصوص والوثائق الصادرة عن الجهات الرسمية المختلفة.
النتائج: توصلت الدراسة لعدة نتائج أهمها أنَّه تم طرح العديد من المبادرات والخطط الإصلاحية آخرها تشكيل "اللجنة الملكية لتحديث المنظومة السياسية" 10_حزيران_2021، وتم القيام بتعديلات دستورية وإنشاء محكمة دستورية وهيئة مستقلة للانتخاب كاستجابة لبعض المطالب الشعبية. ولكن على الرغم من ذلك، لم تحقق التوجهات الإصلاحية ما كان مأمول منها؛ وذلك تبعاً لبعض الآراء وردود الفعل الشعبية مثل المطالبة بتشكيل الحكومات البرلمانية وأخرى بالتمسك بوجود نقابة للمعلمين والغاء إنشاء المحاكم الخاصة كمحكمة أمن الدولة التي يعتبر وجودها تغولاً صريحاً بين السلطات.
الخلاصة: تحقق تطور في بعض جوانب العملية الاصلاحية، وأخرى لم تحقق رضا كافة الأطياف الشعبية، وبذلك كان للظاهرة المدروسة تأثير جزئي عند مقارنة المساعي الإصلاحية الشعبية بالنتائج الفعلية الرسمية.
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التنزيلات
منشور
كيفية الاقتباس
إصدار
القسم
الرخصة
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