فهم الاحتراق الوظيفي والتحوّل النفسي بين موظفي الإعلام والاتصال في الجامعات الفلسطينية
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35516/hum.v52i3.6392الكلمات المفتاحية:
موظفو الإعلام والاتصال، الاحتراق الوظيفي، التحوّل النفسي، الاتصال المؤسساتي، الرفاهيةالملخص
الأهداف: تهدف هذه الدراسة إلى فهم ظاهرة الاحتراق الوظيفي، والتحوّل النفسي بين موظفي الإعلام والاتصال في الجامعات الفلسطينية. على وجه التحديد، تتحقق الدراسة من العلاقة بين الاتصال المؤسساتي، وظواهر الاحتراق الوظيفي والتحوّل النفسي بين الموظفين في أقسام الإعلام والاتصال في الجامعات الفلسطينية. كما تهدف الدراسة إلى فحص العوامل النفسية التي تسهم في الاحتراق الوظيفي والتحوّل النفسي بين العينة المستهدفة في الدراسة. وشملت هذه العوامل التوازن بين العمل والحياة، وحالة الصراع، والوحدة، والتوتر والقلق، والاستقلالية الوظيفية، والدعم المؤسساتي كقضايا رئيسية في التحليل.
المنهجية: باستخدام المنهج الكيفي وعينة كرة الثلج، شارك ما مجموعه 14 شخصًا تمت مقابلتهم في الدراسة، وقدموا بيانات متعمقة بشأن الاحتراق الوظيفي والتحوّل النفسي والسلوك الفعلي. تظهر النتائج العديد من الموضوعات التي تم رسمها من خلال نهج الشبكة المواضيعية باستخدام.MAXQDA
النتائج: وجدت الدراسة أن الاحتراق الوظيفي والتحوّل النفسي بين موظفي الإعلام والاتصال في الجامعات الفلسطينية يتأثر بعوامل مثل: التوازن بين العمل والحياة، وحالة الصراع ، والوحدة، والتوتر والقلق، والاستقلالية الوظيفية، والدعم المؤسساتي. كما أنّ درجة تأثر الاحتراق الوظيفي والتحوّل النفسي بين هؤلاء الموظفين يرتبط بشكل كبير بغياب أو ضعف مستوى هذه العوامل. تشير النتائج أيضا أنّ موظفي الإعلام والاتصال في الجامعات الفلسطينية يواجهون ظاهرة الاحتراق الوظيفي الذي يرتبط بالإرهاق العاطفي وفقدان الشخصية وتضاؤل النجاح الشخصي. لذلك فإنّ بناء مهنة مستقرة ومرضية في الجامعات الفلسطينية أمر صعب على العاملين في مجال الإعلام والاتصال، لأنهم يواجهون صعوبات من حيث الاحتراق الوظيفي، والتحوّل النفسي.
الخلاصة: تؤكد هذه الدراسة على الأثر الكبير للاحتراق الوظيفي، والتحوّل النفسي بين الموظفين في وسائط الإعلام والاتصال في الجامعات الفلسطينية. ويؤكد على الدور المهم الذي يؤديه الاتصال المؤسساتي في رفاه هؤلاء الموظفين، والحفاظ عليهم على المدى البعيد. النتائج لها آثار كبيرة على تحسين ظروف العمل ونظم الدعم، مما يسلط الضوء على الحاجة إلى برامج تهدف إلى الحد من الإرهاق وتعزيز الاحتفاظ بالموظفين في هذا القطاع الحيوي.
التنزيلات
المراجع
Adil, M. S., & Baig, M. (2018). Impact of job demands-resources model on burnout and employee's well-being: Evidence from the pharmaceutical organizations of Karachi. IIMB management review, 30(2), 119-133.
Bajrami, D. D., Terzić, A., Petrović, M. D., Radovanović, M., Tretiakova, T. N., & Hadoud, A. (2021). Will we have the same employees in hospitality after all? The impact of COVID-19 on employees’ work attitudes and turnover intentions. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 94, 102754.
Bakker, A. B., & de Vries, J. D. (2021). Job Demands–Resources theory and self-regulation: New explanations and remedies for job burnout. Anxiety, Stress, & Coping, 34(1), 1-21.
Bakker, A. B., & Demerouti, E. (2007). The job demands‐resources model: State of the art. Journal of managerial psychology, 22(3), 309-328. https://doi.org/10.1108/02683940710733115.
Bakker, A. B., Demerouti, E., & Verbeke, W. (2004). Using the job demands‐resources model to predict burnout and performance. Human Resource Management: Published in Cooperation with the School of Business Administration, The University of Michigan and in alliance with the Society of Human Resources Management, 43(1), 83-104.
Bandura, A. (1989). Human agency in social cognitive theory. American psychologist, 44(9), 1175. https://doi.org/10.1037/0003-066X.44.9.1175
Borcsa, M., & Willig, C. (2021). Qualitative Research Methods in Mental Health. Springer International Publishing.
Bresó, E., Schaufeli, W. B., & Salanova, M. (2011). Can a self-efficacy-based intervention decrease burnout, increase engagement, and enhance performance? A quasi-experimental study. Higher Education, 61(4), 339-355.
Card, A. J. (2022). Burnout and sources of stress among health care risk managers and patient safety personnel during the COVID-19 pandemic: A pilot study. Disaster Medicine and Public Health Preparedness, 16(6), 2319-2321. Chênevert, D., Kilroy, S., Johnson, K., & Fournier, P. L. (2021). The determinants of burnout and professional turnover intentions among Canadian physicians: application of the job demands-resources model. BMC Health Services Research, 21(1), 1-10.
Chi, O. H., Saldamli, A., & Gursoy, D. (2021). Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on management-level hotel employees' work behaviors: Moderating effects of working from home. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 98, 103020.
Collie, R. J. (2022). Job demands and resources, teachers’ subjective vitality, and turnover intentions: an examination during COVID-19. Educational Psychology, 1-20.
Deng, H., Wu, W., Zhang, Y., Zhang, X., & Ni, J. (2022). The Paradoxical Effects of COVID-19 Event Strength on Employee Turnover Intention. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(14), 8434.
Edú-Valsania, S., Laguía, A., & Moriano, J. A. (2022). Burnout: A review of theory and measurement. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(3), 1780.
Evangelista, C., Bonifacio, S., Gonzales, R., Villanueva, G., Principe, R., Juliano, T., & Tus, J. (2021). Public Commuters’job Burnout And Job Satisfaction During The Covid-19 Pandemic In The Philippines. International Journal Of Advance Research And Innovative Ideas In Education.
Hall, N. C., Lee, S. Y., & Rahimi, S. (2019). Self-efficacy, procrastination, and burnout in post-secondary faculty: An international longitudinal analysis. PloS one, 14(12), e0226716.
Huang, Y., & Wang, C. (2022). Surviving and thriving in “accelerating” academia: Toward a job demands-resources model of faculty well-being. Asia Pacific Education Review, 1-11.
Kanwar, Y. P. S., Singh, A. K., & Kodwani, A. D. (2009). Work—life balance and burnout as predictors of job satisfaction in the IT-ITES industry. Vision, 13(2), 1-12.
Khan, A. N., Khan, N. A., & Bodla, A. A. (2021). The after-shock effects of high-performers turnover in hotel industry: a multi-level study. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 33(10), 3277-3295.
Khawand, S., & Zargar, P. (2022). Job autonomy and work-life conflict: A conceptual analysis of teachers’ wellbeing during COVID-19 pandemic. Frontiers in Psychology, 4246.
Kim, J. (2018). The contrary effects of intrinsic and extrinsic motivations on burnout and turnover intention in the public sector. International journal of manpower, 39(3), 486-500. Lases, S. S., Slootweg, I. A., Pierik, E. G. J. M., Heineman, E., & Lombarts, M. J. M. H. (2018). Efforts, rewards and professional autonomy determine residents’ experienced well-being. Advances in Health Sciences Education, 23, 977-993. Liu, Y., & Aungsuroch, Y. (2019). Work stress, perceived social support, self‐efficacy and burnout among Chinese registered nurses. Journal of nursing management, 27(7), 1445-1453.
Liu, Y., Aungsuroch, Y., Gunawan, J., & Zeng, D. (2021). Job stress, psychological capital, perceived social support, and occupational burnout among hospital nurses. Journal of Nursing Scholarship, 53(4), 511-518.
Ma, Y., Faraz, N. A., Ahmed, F., Iqbal, M. K., Saeed, U., Mughal, M. F., & Raza, A. (2021). Curbing nurses' burnout during COVID‐19: The roles of servant leadership and psychological safety. Journal of Nursing Management, 29(8), 2383-2391.
Madigan, D. J., & Kim, L. E. (2021). Towards an understanding of teacher attrition: A meta-analysis of burnout, job satisfaction, and teachers’ intentions to quit. Teaching and teacher education, 105, 103425.
Malterud, K., Siersma, V. D., & Guassora, A. D. (2016). Sample size in qualitative interview studies: guided by information power. Qual. Health Res., 26, 1753–1760. https://doi.org/10.1177/1049732315617444
Merlo, K. L., Conen, K. M., Scott, B., Jones, K., Dunn, E. A., & Marshall, J. (2021). Burnout in the disaster response workforce: The impact of work roles and the COVID-19 pandemic. Journal of Emergency Management, 19(9), 81-90.
Ninaus, K., Diehl, S., & Terlutter, R. (2021). Employee perceptions of information and communication technologies in work life, perceived burnout, job satisfaction and the role of work-family balance. Journal of Business Research, 136, 652-666.
Pu, B., Ji, S., & Sang, W. (2022). Effects of customer incivility on turnover intention in China’s hotel employees: A chain mediating model. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Management, 50, 327-336.
Rasdi, R. M., Zaremohzzabieh, Z., & Ahrari, S. (2021). Financial insecurity During the COVID-19 pandemic: Spillover effects on burnout–disengagement relationships and performance of employees who moonlight. Frontiers in Psychology, 12, 610138.
Rasool, S. F., Wang, M., Tang, M., Saeed, A., & Iqbal, J. (2021). How toxic workplace environment effects the employee engagement: the mediating role of organizational support and employee wellbeing. International journal of environmental research and public health, 18(5), 2294.
Rasool, S. F., Wang, M., Zhang, Y., & Samma, M. (2020). Sustainable work performance: the roles of workplace violence and occupational stress. International journal of environmental research and public health, 17(3), 912.
Rolling, T. E., & Hong, M. Y. (2016). The effect of social cognitive theory-based interventions on dietary behavior within children. Journal of Nutritional Health and Food Science, 4(5), 1-9.
Said, H., Ali, L., Ali, F., & Chen, X. (2021). COVID-19 and unpaid leave: Impacts of psychological contract breach on organizational distrust and turnover intention: Mediating role of emotional exhaustion. Tourism management perspectives, 39, 100854.
Salzmann, P., Berweger, S., & Bührer, Z. (2022). Testing an Extended Social Cognitive Model of Occupational Turnover Intentions. Journal of Career Development, 08948453221101404.
Scanlan, J. N., & Still, M. (2019). Relationships between burnout, turnover intention, job satisfaction, job demands and job resources for mental health personnel in an Australian mental health service. BMC health services research, 19(1), 1-11.
Schaufeli, W. B. (2017). Applying the job demands-resources model. Organizational Dynamics, 2(46), 120-132.
Schaufeli, W. B., & Taris, T. W. (2014). A critical review of the job demands-resources model: Implications for improving work and health. Bridging occupational, organizational and public health, 43-68.
Schunk, D. H. (2003). Self-efficacy for reading and writing: Influence of modeling, goal setting, and self-evaluation. Reading &Writing Quarterly, 19(2), 159-172.
Schunk, D. H., & DiBenedetto, M. K. (2020). Motivation and social cognitive theory. Contemporary Educational Psychology, 60, 101832.
Schunk, D. H., & Usher, E. L. (2012). Social cognitive theory and motivation. The Oxford handbook of human motivation, 2, 11-26.
Sciepura, B., & Linos, E. (2022). When Perceptions of Public Service Harms the Public Servant: Predictors of Burnout and Compassion Fatigue in Government. Review of Public Personnel Administration, 0734371X221081508.
Shakeel, S., Khan, M. M., Khan, R. A. A., & Mujtaba, B. G. (2022). Linking personality traits, self-efficacy and burnout of teachers in public schools: Does school climate play a moderating role?. Public Organization Review, 22(1), 19-39.
Shirom, A. (2005). Reflections on the study of burnout. Work & Stress, 19(3), 263-270.
Sokal, L. J., Eblie Trudel, L. G., & Babb, J. C. (2020). Supporting teachers in times of change: The job demands-resources model and teacher burnout during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Soto-Rubio, A., Giménez-Espert, M. D. C., & Prado-Gascó, V. (2020). Effect of emotional intelligence and psychosocial risks on burnout, job satisfaction, and nurses’ health during the covid-19 pandemic. International journal of environmental research and public health, 17(21), 7998.
Sousan, A., Farmanesh, P., & Zargar, P. (2022). The Effect of Surface Acting on Job Stress and Cognitive Weariness Among Healthcare Workers During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Exploring the Role of Sense of Community. Frontiers in Psychology, 410.
Stewart, J., Henderson, R., Michaluk, L., Deshler, J., Fuller, E., & Rambo-Hernandez, K. (2020). Using the social cognitive theory framework to chart gender differences in the developmental trajectory of STEM self-efficacy in science and engineering students. Journal of Science Education and Technology, 29(6), 758-773.
Stone, K. W., Kintziger, K. W., Jagger, M. A., & Horney, J. A. (2021). Public health workforce burnout in the COVID-19 response in the US. International journal of environmental research and public health, 18(8), 4369.
Syrek, C. J., Apostel, E., & Antoni, C. H. (2013). Stress in highly demanding IT jobs: Transformational leadership moderates the impact of time pressure on exhaustion and work–life balance. Journal of occupational health psychology, 18(3), 252.
Telyani, A. E., Farmanesh, P., & Zargar, P. (2021). The Impact of COVID-19 Instigated Changes on Loneliness of Teachers and Motivation–Engagement of Students: A Psychological Analysis of Education Sector. Frontiers in Psychology, 4353.
Torrès, O., Benzari, A., Fisch, C., Mukerjee, J., Swalhi, A., & Thurik, R. (2022). Risk of burnout in French entrepreneurs during the COVID-19 crisis. Small Business Economics, 58(2), 717-739.
Wang, Z., Zaman, S., Rasool, S. F., uz Zaman, Q., & Amin, A. (2020). Exploring the relationships between a toxic workplace environment, workplace stress, and project success with the moderating effect of organizational support: empirical evidence from Pakistan. Risk management and healthcare policy, 13, 1055.
Warden, D. H., Hughes, R. G., Probst, J. C., Warden, D. N., & Adams, S. A. (2021). Current turnover intention among nurse managers, directors, and executives. Nursing Outlook, 69(5), 875-885.
White, E. M., Wetle, T. F., Reddy, A., & Baier, R. R. (2021). Front-line nursing home staff experiences during the COVID-19 pandemic. Journal of the American Medical Directors Association, 22(1), 199-203.
Willig, C. (2013). EBOOK: introducing qualitative research in psychology. McGraw-hill education (UK).
Zakhem, N. B., Farmanesh, P., Zargar, P., & Kassar, A. (2022). Wellbeing during a pandemic: An empirical research examining autonomy, work-family conflict and informational support among SME employees. Frontiers in Psychology, 5049.
Zhang, L., Chai, L., Zhao, Y., Wang, L., Sun, W., Lu, L.,... & Zhang, J. (2021). Burnout in nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic in China: New challenges for public health. Bioscience trends.
Zhang, M., Geng, R., Hong, Z., Song, W., & Wang, W. (2020). The double-edged sword effect of service recovery awareness of frontline employees: From a job demands-resources perspective. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 88, 102536.
التنزيلات
منشور
كيفية الاقتباس
إصدار
القسم
الرخصة
الحقوق الفكرية (c) 2025 دراسات: العلوم الإنسانية والاجتماعية

هذا العمل مرخص بموجب Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
##plugins.generic.dates.accepted## 2024-03-12
##plugins.generic.dates.published## 2025-02-02

