Study the Change in Hydrological Conditions for the Azraq Basin using Incremental Climate Change Scenarios: A Soil and Water Assessment Model and Geospatial Techniques

Abstract

The study aims to Demonstrate the effect of the change in the Hydrological Conditions for the Azraq basin using the incremental scenarios method,the soil and water assessment mode,and geospatial technologies to support the water management plans for the basin, making the most of the available water resources in the basin, building it as a hydrological database through the availability of climatic and hydrological data available by the jordanian meteorological department and the ministry of water and irrigation. in addition to facing future challenges in light of potential climate change, whether positive towards increasing rates of height and the prevail of wet conditions, or negative towards decreasing precipitation rates and thus, prevail dry conditions. Study results show that the Azraq basin receives an average of 99.8 mm / year rainfall, which loses the greater part of through evaporation process, as 73.8% of the total precipitation is wasted as a result of the actual evaporation process, while the surface runoff accounts for 8.9% of the total rainfall on the Azraq basin. as the study showed, 11.4% of the amounts of precipitation received by the Azraq basin go to what is known as the water yield (blue water). The recommendations were; focusing on the necessity of intensifying the reliance on the model of soil and water assessment and geospatial techniques in surface hydrological modeling processes for basins; as it has proven the effectiveness and efficiency of the results given in the water management of water basins, whether in the current or future reality.