التحليل المكاني للتغيرات المناخية في منطقة الحدود الشمالية باستخدام نظم المعلومات الجغرافية

Huda Abdullah  Alabbad

doi:10.35516/hum.v51i6.565

Authors

Huda Abdullah Alabbad Department of Geography, College of Arts, Princess Noura bint Abdul Rahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2977-163X

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.35516/hum.v51i6.565

Keywords:

Climate change, Northern borders, GIS, temperatures, precipitation, Kingdom of Saudi Arabias

Abstract

Objectives: The study aims to analyze spatial distribution of temperature and precipitation and determining change rate that occurred in distribution of each of them between two periods: 1980 - 2000, and 2001 - 2021.

Methods: The study relies on climate satellite imagery from the Merra-2 (for temperature analysis), and (TRMM) imagery to analyze distribution and change of precipitation between 1980 - 2021 from NASA website. The imagery was processed using Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and the Spline algorithm in ArcGIS to derive variable layers. Percentage change analysis was conducted using the Percentage Change algorithm in Edrisi Selva software to determine the percentage changes in temperature and precipitation as means and standard deviations.

Results: The percentage change in temperature ranged between 3.22% in the east of the Northern Border Region and 5.85% in the west of the region, with a regional average and standard deviation of (4.35% - +0.72%). Precipitation changes varied between locations, ranging from -12.49% in the east and southeast of the region to 31.30% in the west and northwest of the Northern Border Region, with a regional average and standard deviation of (-27.4% - +24.54%).

Conclusion: The study concluded that the entire region experienced positive changes in temperature, with the western parts of the region undergoing faster changes compared to the eastern parts. The region witnessed spatial variations in precipitation changes between the two periods, but the general trend for precipitation in the region was towards a decrease with an average of -4.27%.

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