Social Well-being and its Relationship to Social Media Usage among Hashemite University Students
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35516/hum.v51i1.2504Keywords:
Social well-being, social media usage, Hashemite UniversityAbstract
Objectives: The study aims to identify social well-being levels and the use of social media by gender and to determine whether there are differences in these levels across academic specializations. It also examines the correlation between social well-being and social media use.
Methods: Purposively selected, the sample of the study consisted of 840 male and female students at Hashemite University. Accordingly, various scales were used to achieve the study's objective, including a social well-being scale and a social media use scale. In terms of social well-being and social media usage, there were three levels: high (3.68-5), moderate (2.34-3.67), and low (1-2.34).
Results: Findings indicated that both levels of social well-being and social media use were moderate. The results also indicated that there were no statistically significant differences in levels of social well-being based on sex and academic specialization. On the other hand, the results showed statistically significant differences in the level of social media usage due to gender, in favour of females, and statistically significant differences in the level of social media usage due to academic specialization, in favour of students at humanist colleges. Finally, results showed a positive and statistically relationship between social well-being and social media usage.
Conclusions: The study recommends conducting counseling programs and workshops to educate university students about the negative aspects of social media addiction.
Downloads
References
Abdelrahem, A. (2013). Social Network Sites: Usage and Effect. Journal of Educational and Psychological Studies, 7(4), 549-558.
Alchitty, E. (2018). The Impact of the Use of Social Networks on Youth Values: Empirical Study on the Students of Qassim University. Journal of Business Research, 40(4), 103-150.
Aledian, A. (2019). The Use of Social Networks in the Educational Process: The Reasons and Obstacles from the Point of View of the Students of the College of Basic Education in the State of Kuwait. Journal of Faculty Education, 75(3), 603-636.
Mansour, T. (2013). The Role of Social Networks in Meeting the Needs of the Jordanian Youth. Jordan Journal of Social science, 7(2), 278-306.
Alkan, H., & Doğan, B. (2018). A Research on the Relationship Between High School Students’ Social Media Usage and Their Wellbeing. International Journal of Educational Research Review, 3(4), 97-102.
Andreassen, C. S., & Pallesen, S. (2014). Social Network Site Addiction-an Overview. Current Pharmaceutical Design, 20, 4053–4061.
Beardsmore, R. (2015). Measuring National Well-being: Insights into Children’s Mental Health and Well-being. London: Office for National Statistics.
Bekalu, M., McCloud, R., & Viswanath, K. (2019). Association of Social Media Use with Social Well-being, Positive Mental Health, and Self-Rated Health: Disentangling Routine Use from Emotional Connection to Use. Health Education and Behaviour, 46(2), 69-80.
Blazina, C., & Watkins Jr, C. E. (1996). Masculine Gender Role Conflict: Effects on College Men's Psychological Well-being, Chemical Substance Usage, and Attitudes Towards Help-seeking. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 43(4), 461-465.
Boyd, D. (2014). It’s Complicated: The Social Lives of Networked Teens. Yale University Press.
Capone, V., Donizzetti, A., & Petrillo, G. (2017). Classroom Relationships, Sense of Community, Perceptions of Justice and Collective Efficacy for Students Social Well-being. Journal of Community Psychology, 46(1), 374-382.
Chou, H. G., & Edge, N. (2012). They are Happier and Having Better Lives than I am: The Impact of Using Facebook on Perceptions of Others’ Lives. Cyber psychology, Behavior, and Social Networking, 15, 117-21.
Cicognani, E., Pirini, C., Keyes, C., Johanloo, M., Rostami, R., & Nosratabadi, M. (2008). Social Participation, Sense of Community and Social Well-being: A Study on American, Italian and Iranian University Students. Social Indicators Research, 89, 97-111.
Eagly, A. H., & Karau, S. J. (2002). Role Congruity Theory of Prejudice Toward Female Leaders. Psychological Review, 109(3), 573.
Eid, M. I., & Al-Jabri, I. M. (2016). Social Networking, Knowledge Sharing, and Student Learning: The Case of University Students. Computers & Education, 99, 14-27.
Ellison, N.B., Steinfield, C., & Lampe, C. (2007). The Benefits of Facebook Friends: Social Capital and College Students' Use of Online Social Network Sites. Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, 12, 1143-1168
Feinstein, B. A., Hershenberg, R., Bhatia, V., Latack, J.A., Meuwly, N., & Davila, J. (2013). Negative Social Comparison on Facebook and Depressive Symptoms: Rumination as a Mechanism. Psychology of Popular Media Culture, 2, 161-70.
Galanek, J. D., Gierdowski, D. C., & Brooks, D. (2018). ECAR Study of Undergraduate Students and Information Technology. Louisville, CO: ECAR.
Good, G. E., & Wood, P. K. (1995). Male Gender Role Conflict, Depression, and Help Seeking: Do College Men Face Double Jeopardy? Journal of Counseling and Development, 74(1), 70.
Huppert, F. A. (2009). Psychological Well-being: Evidence Regarding its Causes and Consequences. Applied Psychology: Health and Well-Being, 1(2),137-164.
Kessler, R. C., Sonnega, A., Bromet, E., Hughes, M. & Nelson, C. B. (1995). Posttraumatic Stress Disorder in the National Comorbidity Survey. Archives of General Psychiatry, 52, 1048–1060
Keyes, C. L. (1998). Social Well-Being. Social Psychology Quarterly, 61, 121- 137.
Key-Roberts, M. (2009). The Impact of Positive Social Media Intervention on Social Well-being. Unpublished Doctor Thesis, University of Kansas.
Kraut, R., Kiesler, S., Boneva, B., Cummings, J., Helgeson, V., & Crawford, A. (2002). Internet Paradox Revisited. Journal of Social Issues, 58, 49-74.
Maree, T. (2017). The Social Media Use Integration Scale (SMUIS): Towards Reliability and Validity. International Journal of Human–Computer Interaction, 33(12), 963-972.
Marino, C., Gini, G., Vieno, A., & Spada, M. M. (2018). A Comprehensive Meta-Analysis on Problematic Facebook Use. Computers in Human Behavior, 83, 262–277.
McDool, E., Powell, P., Roberts, J., & Taylor, K. (2016). Social Media Use and Children’s Wellbeing. Journal of Health Economics, 69, 1-20.
Mozaffari, N., Dadkhah, B., Shamshiri, M., Mohammadi, M., & Nayeri, N. (2014). The Status of Social Well-being of a Sample of Iranian Nurses: Across Sectional Study. Journal of Caring Sciences, 3(4), 239-246.
Niemz, K., Griffiths, M., & Banyard, P. (2005). Prevalence of Pathological Internet Use Among University Students and Correlations with Self-esteem, the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ), and Disinhibition. Cyber Psychology & Behavior, 8(6), 562-570.
Organization, W. H. (2006). Constitution of the World Health Organization. Basic Documents, Supplement, October 2006.
Prati, G., Albanesi, C., & Pietrantoni, L. (2016). The Reciprocal Relationship Between Sense of Community and Social Well-being: A Cross-lagged Panel Analysis. Social Indicators Research, 127, 1321–1332
Reis, H. T. (2012). Perceived Partner Responsiveness as an Organizing Theme for the Study of Relationships and Well-being. In L. Campbell, & T. J. Loving, (Eds.), Interdisciplinary Research on Close Relationships: The Case for Integration (pp. 27-52). Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.
Roberts, J., & David, M. (2020). The Social Media Party: Fear of Missing Out (FOFM), Social Media Intensity, Connection, and Well-being. International Journal of Human Computer Interaction of, 36(4), 386-392.
Rodgers, S. & Chen, Q. (2005). Internet Community Group Participation: Psychosocial Benefits for Women with Breast Cancer. Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, 10(4), 1-27.
Sabik, N., Falat, J., & Magagnos, J. (2020). When Self-worth Depends on Social Media Feedback: Associations with Psychological Well-being. Sex Roles, 82, 422-421.
Sagioglu, C., & Greitemeyer, T. (2014). Facebook’s Emotional Consequences: Why Facebook Causes a Decrease in Mood and Why People Still Use it. Computers in Human Behavior, 35, 359-63.
Sampasa-Kanyinga, H., & Hamilton, H.A. (2015). Use of Social Networking Sites and Risk of Cyber Bullying Victimization: A Population-level Study of Adolescents. Cyber psychology, Behavior, and Social Networking, 18, 704-10.
Segrin, C., & Taylor, M. (2007). Positive Interpersonal Relationship Mediates the Association Between Social Skills and Psychological Well-being. Personality and Individual Differences, 43, 637-646.
Shabnoor, S., & Tajinder, S. (2016). Social Media its Impact with Positive and Negative Aspects. International Journal of Computer Application in Technology, 5(2), 71-75.
Shah, S., Hussain, K., Aftab, A., & Rizve, R. (2021). Social Media Usage and Students Psychological Well-being: An Empirical Analysis of District Mirpur, AJ & k, Pakistan. The New Educational Review, 64, 60-72.
Shahjahan, A., & Chisty, K. (2014). Social Media Research and its Effect on Our Society. International Journal of Information and Communication Engineering, 8(6), 2009-2013.
Smith, S. D., & Caruso, J. B. (2010). The ECAR Study of Undergraduate Students and Information Technology, 2010 (p. 118). Colorado: Educause
Slonje, R., Smith, P. K., & Frisén, A. (2012). The Nature of Cyber Bullying, and Strategies for Prevention. Computers in Human Behavior, 29, 26-32.
Snyder, C. R., & Lopez, S. J. (2002). The Future of Positive Psychology: A Declaration of Independence. In C. R. Snyder & S. J. Lopez (Eds.), Handbook of Positive Psychology (pp. 751-767). New York: Oxford University Press.
Sohi, K. K., Singh, P., & Bopanna, K. (2018). Ritual Participation, Sense of Community, and Social Well-being: A Study of Seva in the Sikh Community. Journal of Religion and Health, 57, 2066–2078.
Vural, Z., & Bat, M. (2010). Social Media as a New Communication Medium: A Research on the Faculty of Communication at Ege University. Journal of Yasar University, 5(20), 3348-3382.
Wallsten, S. (2013). What Are We Not Doing When We’re Online? NBER Working Paper No. 19549.
Weinstein, E. (2018). The Social Media See-saw: Positive and Negative Influences on Adolescents’ Affective Well-being. New Media & Society, 20(10), 3597-3623.
Wills, J. (2011). Vital Notes for Nurses: Promoting Health. John Wiley & Sons.
Wirtz, D., Tucker, A., Briggs, C., & Schoemann, A. (2021). How and Why Social Media Affect Subjective Well-being: Multi-site Use and Social Comparison as Predictors of Change Across Time. Journal of Happiness Studies, 22, 1673-1691.
Woods, H., & Scott, H. (2016). Sleepy Teens: Social Media Use in Adolescence is Associated with Poor Sleep Quality, Anxiety, Depression and Low Self-esteem. Journal of Adolescence, 51, 41-9.
Zuo, A. (2014). Measuring Up: Social Comparisons on Facebook and Contributions to Self- Esteem and Mental Health. Unpublished Master’s Thesis, University of Michigan.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 Dirasat: Human and Social Sciences

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
Accepted 2023-03-27
Published 2024-01-30


