تَوْظِيفُ حُرُوفِ المَعَانِي ومَرْجِعِيَّة الضَّمَيرِ بَينَ الاسْتِعْمَالِ السِّيَاقِيِّ والإحَالة النَّصِّيَّة اِسْتِقْرَاء ٌوتَحْليلٌ للشَّوَاهِدِ القَوْلِيَّةِ المجْتَزَأَةِ فِي كِتَابِ "الزاهـر" لابْنِ الأنبــاري (ت328هـ)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35516/Hum.2026.9762الكلمات المفتاحية:
الأَقْوال، الأَمْثَال، الحُرُوف، الضَّمَير، الزاهـرالملخص
الأهداف: يروم هذا البحث استقصاء مُكونَينِ من مكونات الكلام العربي؛ بينهما تقارب في التوظيف اللغوي والخصائص الدلالية في سياق الاستعمال، مع أهميتهما في قواعد النظام اللغوي رتبة ومعنى. وهما حُرُوفِ المَعَانِى والضَّمائر. فكل منهما يقوم بوظيفة الربط والاتصال في سياق الكلام، وإن اختص كل مكون بمرتبته وخصيصته في رصْفِ الكلام وضَبْطه، كما أنَّهما من عناصر الرَّبْط النَّصِّي في هذه السياقات.
المنهجية: تأسست منهجية هذا البحث على المنهج الوصفي في رصد الشَّوَاهِدِ القَوْلِيَّةِ المجْتَزَأَةِ في كتـاب (الزاهـر فَي مَعَـانِي كَلِمَـاتِ النَّـاس) لابْنِ الأنبــاري، وتحليلها؛ لما تمثِّله من حدثٍ لساني مُوجَزٍ في بِنَائه وعَلاقَاته، ومجُتَزأٍ من سياقٍ حَدَثِيٍّ أكبر، شكَّل هذه الأقوال على ألسنِ مستعملي اللغةِ ومخاطبيها.
النتائج: وأبرز ما عرضه البحث من نتائج عَلاقة حروف المعاني بالضمائر، وبيان أثر السياق في قيام هذه العناصر اللغوية بوظيفتها، سواء على مستوى البنية التركيبية أو على المستوى الدلالي. وتنوعت الوظائف بين الربط والاتصال، سواء أكان الربط تابعـًا لحالة التَّلازم وافتقارِ العنصر لغيره؛ لتمامِ المعنى، أم جاء الاتصال تنازعـًا بين حالة الإبِهام والتَّعيين؛ مما يتطلب الإحالة للموصوف بالحدث أو أحد مكوناته.
الخلاصة: وخلص البحث إلى كشف واقع العلاقات والسلوك اللغوي لتلك العناصر اللغوية غير المستقرة في دلالتها؛ لحاجتها الغالبة إلى كاشف سياقي، يزيل عنها حالة الغموض أو الالتباس أو النقص الدلالي، لتكون الشَّوَاهِد القَوْلِيَّة المجْتَزَأَة فِي كِتَابِ "الزاهـر" حقل الظاهرة وأدلتها.
التنزيلات
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