Methods of Terminology Development for Al-Tahtawi

Nabil Al-Awawdeh

doi:10.35516/hum.v52i1.3772

Authors

Nabil Al-Awawdeh Department of Modern Languages, Faculty of Arts, Yarmouk University, Irbid - Jordan https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3788-5669

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.35516/hum.v52i1.3772

Keywords:

Terminology, Al-Tahtawi, Development, Creation, Methods

Abstract

Objectives: In the 19^th century, a problem arose concerning the Arabic language in the cultural interaction between Arabs and the French. The French had an advantage in using a language adapted to the pace of scientific progress. In contrast, the Arabic language did not linguistically evolve compared to the French language, leading to terminology issues. This study aims to identify the translation methods and techniques used by Rifa'a al-Tahtawi in his writings to address these terminology challenges. The study highlights the role of translation in formulating and constructing terms, as the Arab culture in the 19th century witnessed continuous progress in this field.

Methods: The study adopted an analytical approach, examining examples and other relevant studies to draw conclusions based on relevant sources.

Results: Rifaa al-Tahtawi launched the project of developing terminology based on various translation techniques, including semantic and literal translations. The resulting methods included the revival of ancient words and its use for the average citizen, Arabization, and finally, generating new terms. This enriched the Arabic language with new scientific and progressive vocabulary.

Conclusions: Thus, it can be concluded that a language remains alive through its interaction with other languages, and translation proved to be one of the primary channels for introducing terminology into the Arabic language.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Al-Khuri, S. (1988). La traduction d'hier et d'aujourd'hui. Sousa: dar al-maCarif lil-tibaCah wa al-nashr.

Al-Jurjani, S. (1988). le Livre de définitions. Beirut:dar al-kutub al-Cilmiya.

Al-Samarrai, I. (1978). «Sur l'arabisation, son passé et son présent. Journal de l'Assemblée scientifique, Vol. 29.

Amara, M. (2012). Les œuvres complètes de rifaa al-Tahtawi.

Ashayal, J. (1951). l’Histoire de la traduction et le mouvement culturel à l’époque de Mohamed Ali. le Caire : Maison de la pensée arabe.

Al-Shihabi, M. (1995). Al-mustalahat fi al-lughah al-Carabiya qadiman wa hadithan. Beirut: dar al-sadir.

Balaid, S. (2002). L’arabe classique scientifique. Algérie : Maison HUMA pour imprimerie et distribution.

Brett, E. (2009). Reconstructing Development Theory. London/Basingstoke: Hampshire: Palgrave Macmillan.

Delgado Luchner, C. (2018). Contact Zones of the Aid Chain. Translation Spaces, 7(1), 44–64.

Emry, P. (1983). Towards the Creation of a Unified Scientific Terminology in Arabic. Term banks for tomorrow’s world. London: Aslib.

Ferguson, J. (1994). The Anti-Politics Machine. ‘Development’, Depoliticization and Bureaucratic Power in Lesotho. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.

Ferguson, C. (1990). Come Forth With a Surah Like It: Arabic as a Measure of Arab Society. Amsterdam: Benjamin.

Kalman, J. (2009). Literacy Partnerships: Access to Reading and Writing through Mediation. United Kingdom: Routledge.

Khalil, H. (2010). Le développement des termes en arabe. Dar Al-Nahda Al Arabia.

Khassara, M. (1994). Arabisation et développement du langage. Damascus : dar al-hali li-tibaCa wa al-nashr.

Kotzé, D., & Pietro, K. (2008). Understanding Communities and Enabling People–a Holistic Approach. Pretoria: Van Schaik.

Jalal, I. (2006). Le terme chez Rifaa Al tahtawi entre la traduction et l’arabisme. Le Caire : librairie de l’art.

Lewis, D., & David, M. (2006). Development Brokers and Translators: The Ethnography of Aid and Agencies. Bloomfield, Connecticut: Kumarian Press.

Moreno-Rivero, J. (2018). Interdisciplinary Multilingual Practices in NGOs. Translation Spaces, 7 (1), 143–161.

Rassool, N., Heugh, K., & Mansoor, S. (2007). Global Issues in Language, Education and Development: Perspectives from Postcolonial Countries. (4th ed.). Multilingual Matters.

Repko, A. (2008). Mapping the Drivers of Interdisciplinarity.. Los Angeles: Sage.

Roth, S. (2019). Linguistic Capital and Inequality in Aid Relations. Sociological Research Online, 24(1), 38–54. https://doi.org/10.1177/1360780418803958

Salemink, O.(2006). Translating, Interpreting and Practicing Civil Society in Vietnam. Bloomfield: Kumarian Press.

Sawai, M. (1999). La crise du terme arabe dans le 19eme siècle. Bierut : la maison islamique occidentale.

Zerkan, M. (2008). Les efforts linguistiques dans le terme scientifique moderne. Arab writers association.