استراتيجية الدول الصغرى للحفاظ على الأمن الوطني : دراسة حالة دول الخليج العربي

Mohammed Torki Bani Salameh

doi:10.35516/Hum.2026.9629

Authors

Mohammed Torki Bani Salameh Political Science Department, Yarmouk University, Irbid, Jordan. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3839-7640

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.35516/Hum.2026.9629

Keywords:

Small states, Gulf Arab states, Balance of power strategy, Threat balancing strategy, Bandwagoning strategy.

Abstract

Objectives: This study aimed to examine the behavior of small Arab Gulf states (Kuwait, Qatar, Bahrain, Oman, and the UAE) within regional and international systems. It focused on analyzing the security strategies these states employ to safeguard their national security in a complex regional context. Additionally, the study explored how these states adapt to structural changes in the international system and effectively mitigate pressures and threats from neighboring major powers.

Methods: A comprehensive scientific approach was adopted, incorporating systems analysis to evaluate internal and external variables. Regional analysis was used to study interactions between these states and their surroundings, while a comparative approach was employed to assess and contrast their security strategies.

Results: The findings revealed that these small Gulf states implement similar internal policies to strengthen their domestic front, including controlled political openness and reinforced governance. However, their external strategies vary significantly: Bahrain aligned with major powers, Qatar and Kuwait assumed mediator roles, the UAE engaged in regional crises, and Oman adhered to a policy of neutrality and non-involvement.

Conclusions: The study concluded that the "bandwagoning" strategy frequently adopted by these small Gulf states reduces regional threats, enhances security, and strengthens their independence in foreign policy decision-making. This strategy has proven effective in ensuring their survival and resilience within a volatile regional environment.

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