الاستلزام الحواري بين التنظير والتّطبيق: خطب مختارة من كتاب الكامل أنموذجًا

Marwa Khalil  Al-Mashni

doi:10.35516/hum.v51i2.1594

Authors

Marwa Khalil Al-Mashni Lecturer at Sakhnin College for Teacher Education, Department of Arabic Language and Literature, Jerusalem, Palestine https://orcid.org/0009-0006-3616-2396

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.35516/hum.v51i2.1594

Keywords:

Conversational Implicature, cooperative principle, pragmatism, Al-Kamil Book, Oration

Abstract

Objectives: The research aims to study language as a social communicative phenomenon and examine its use in light of the Conversational Implicature phenomenon and its principles. It also seeks to identify instances of violations and deviations from the Cooperative Principle, as suggested by the text structure.

Methods: This study adopts a descriptive-analytical approach, examining both the explicit and implicit purposes in the speeches contained in the book "Al-Kamil." It combines theory and application, with two aspects: firstly, it aims to identify theoretical expressions of Conversational Implicature, and secondly, it identifies instances of breaches of the Cooperative Principle's rules in a selection of orations from the book.

Results: Pragmatic linguistics finds its roots in ancient Arabic traditions, clearly manifested in their works. An examination of pragmatism and Conversational Implicature reveals a concentration on context, speech purposes, and the listener's conditions. Furthermore, it considers the context of expressions and the position of the addressee. Speakers may violate the Cooperative Principle to achieve effective communication. The absence of such violations could hinder the realization of the intended purpose as desired by the speaker. These violations can be direct and overt, or indirect, requiring listeners to seek meaning to comprehend the speaker's intended message. This necessitates familiarity with textual content, knowledge of the listeners' conditions, and understanding the speakers' purposes.

Conclusions: This research highlights the phenomenon of Conversational Implicature, which is emphasized by pragmatism and hinges on the Cooperative Principle. This principle is reinforced by rules relating to quantity, quality, relevance, and manner. The goal of this study is to excavate instances of violations of the rules of the Cooperative Principle.

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